두릅나무 '자오'의 체세포배 유도와 식물체 형성에 미치는 생장조절제 및 삼투압제 효과
Effect of Growth Regulators and Osmoticums on Somatic Embryogenesis and Plants Regeneration in Aralia elata Cultivar 'Zaoh'
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체세포배 유도를 통해 두릅나무 역병 저항성 개체인 ‘자오’의 효율적인 재분화가 가능하였다. 절편에 따라 배발생 캘러스에 요구되는 생장조절제의 종류가 다르게 나타났다. 잎의 경우 MS 배지에 2,4-D와 TDZ, L-glutamine이 처리된 배지에서 캘러스와 체세포배의 유도가 양호하였으며, 엽병과 뿌리는 2,4-D 단독처리 시 가장 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 적정 배양조건하에서 배발생캘러스 유도율은 잎, 엽병, 뿌리로부터 각각 75%, 67% 및 83%를 나타냈다. 삼투압제 처리에 따른 체세포배의 발아율은 sucrose, glucose, maltose 모두 90% 이상의 발아율을 보였으나, 식물체 형성은 2% sucrose에서 72%로 가장 좋았다. 어린 식물체는 생장조절제를 첨가하지 않은 1/2MS 배지에서 정상 식물체로 생장하였고, 인공상토에 이식하여 95% 이상 순화하였다. 본 실험결과는 두릅나무 역병 저항성 개체 ‘자오’의 체세포배 발생을 통한 기내 대량증식이 가능함을 보여주었다.
Abstract
Effective micropropagation system via somatic embryognesis was established for a Phytophthora resistant Aralia elata cultivar. Different kinds of growth regulators were needed to induce embryogenic callus with different explant sources. When leaf explants were used, a combination of 2,4-D, TDZ and L-glutamine was needed, whereas when petiole and root explants needed only 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D. Embryogenic callus induction rate under the optimum culture condition was 75.0%, 67.0% and 83.0% from leaf, petiole and root segment, respectively. Somatic embryo germination and plantlet conversion rate appeared to be influenced greatly by various osmoticums. More than 90% of embryos germinated when treated with sucrose, glucose and maltose. However, the highest conversion rate (72%) was recorded on medium with 2% sucrose only. The converted plantlets grew normally on 1/2MS basal medium, were acclimatized on artificial soil mixture and survived more than 95% in the greenhouse condition. The results suggest that the species can be clonally propagated through in vitro culture system via somatic embryogenesis.
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