Factors Positively Influencing Health Are Associated with a Lower Risk of Development of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Men: The 2007–2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has risen rapidly worldwide, including in South Korea. Factors related to lifestyle are closely associated with the development of MetS. The aim of this study was to investi-gate the association between MetS and a number of factors positively influencing health, namely non-smoking, low-risk drinking, sufficient sleep, regular exercise, and the habit of reading food labels, among Korean men.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,869 men from the 2007–2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Information on five factors positively influencing their health was obtained using a self-re-ported questionnaire. We categorized subjects into four groups, depending on the number of positive factors re-ported (group I, 0–1 factor; group II, 2 factors; group III, 3 factors; group IV, 4–5 factors).Results: Men who reported a greater number of positive health factors had better laboratory and anthropometric values than men who reported fewer positive health factors. The prevalence of MetS was 29.1, 27.2, 20.7, and 14.6% in groups I to IV, respectively. Compared to group I, odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for MetS were 0.96 (0.78–1.19) in group II, 0.67 (0.52–0.87) in group III, and 0.52 (0.35–0.76) in group IV, after adjusting for confounding factors. Odds ratios for abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance, and hypertriglyceridemia were statistically signifi-cant.Conclusion: A greater number of positive lifestyle factors influencing health were associated with a lower risk of developing MetS, in a nationally representative sample of Korean men.
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has risen rapidly worldwide, including in South Korea. Factors related to lifestyle are closely associated with the development of MetS. The aim of this study was to investi-gate the association between MetS and a number of factors positively influencing health, namely non-smoking, low-risk drinking, sufficient sleep, regular exercise, and the habit of reading food labels, among Korean men.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,869 men from the 2007–2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Information on five factors positively influencing their health was obtained using a self-re-ported questionnaire. We categorized subjects into four groups, depending on the number of positive factors re-ported (group I, 0–1 factor; group II, 2 factors; group III, 3 factors; group IV, 4–5 factors).Results: Men who reported a greater number of positive health factors had better laboratory and anthropometric values than men who reported fewer positive health factors. The prevalence of MetS was 29.1, 27.2, 20.7, and 14.6% in groups I to IV, respectively. Compared to group I, odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for MetS were 0.96 (0.78–1.19) in group II, 0.67 (0.52–0.87) in group III, and 0.52 (0.35–0.76) in group IV, after adjusting for confounding factors. Odds ratios for abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance, and hypertriglyceridemia were statistically signifi-cant.Conclusion: A greater number of positive lifestyle factors influencing health were associated with a lower risk of developing MetS, in a nationally representative sample of Korean men.
참고문헌 (37)
- Lim S, "Increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korea : the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 1998-2007", Diabetes Care, 34, pp.1323~1328 (2011)
- Sun K, "Active smoking and risk of metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis of prospective studies", PLoS One, 7, pp.e47791~ (2012)
- Slagter SN, "Combined effects of smoking and alcohol on metabolic syndrome: the LifeLines cohort study", PLoS One, 9, pp.e96406~ (2014)
- Johnson JL, "Exercise training amount and intensity effects on metabolic syndrome(from Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise)", Am J Cardiol, 100, pp.1759~1766 (2007)
- Iftikhar IH, "Sleep duration and metabolic syndrome : an updated dose-risk metaanalysis", Ann Am Thorac Soc, 12, pp.1364~1372 (2015)
- Park MJ, "A cross-sectional study of socioeconomic status and the metabolic syndrome in Korean adults", Ann Epidemiol, 17, pp.320~326 (2007)
- Ollberding NJ, "Food label use and its relation to dietary intake among US adults", J Am Diet Assoc, 110, pp.1233~1237 (2010)
- Kim SY, "The effect of food label use on nutrient intakes : an endogenous switching regression analysis", J Agri Resour Econ, 25, pp.215~231 (2000)
- Kang HT, "Clinical practice guideline of prevention and treatment for metabolic syndrome", Korean J Fam Pract, 5, pp.375~420 (2015)
- Liu L, "Cardiometabolic syndrome and its association with education, smoking, diet, physical activity, and social support: findings from the Pennsylvania 2007 BRFSS Survey", J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 12, pp.556~564 (2010)
- Cena H., "Relationship between smoking and metabolic syndrome", Nutr Rev, 69, pp.745~753 (2011)
- Eliasson B, "Smoking cessation improves insulin sensitivity in healthy middle-aged men", Eur J Clin Invest, 27, pp.450~456 (1997)
- Andersson K, "Changes in circulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolites following systemic nicotine treatment in healthy men", Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 17, pp.675~680 (1993)
- Tian J, "The association between quitting smoking and weight gain : a systemic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies", Obes Rev, 16, pp.883~901 (2015)
- O’Keefe JH, "Alcohol and cardiovascular health : the razor-sharp double-edged sword", J Am Coll Cardiol, 50, pp.1009~1014 (2007)
- Ronksley PE, "Association of alcohol consumption with selected cardiovascular disease outcomes : a systematic review and meta-analysis", BMJ, 342, pp.671~ (2011)
- Alkerwi A, "Alcohol consumption and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome : a meta-analysis of observational studies", Atherosclerosis, 204, pp.624~635 (2009)
- Lee KW, "Alcohol-drinking patterns and metabolic syndrome risk : the 2007 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey", Alcohol, 45, pp.499~505 (2011)
- Skipsey K, "Utility of the AUDIT for identification of hazardous or harmful drinking in drug-dependent patients", Drug Alcohol Depend, 45, pp.157~163 (1997)
- Baliunas DO, "Alcohol as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes : a systematic review and meta-analysis", Diabetes Care, 32, pp.2123~2132 (2009)
- Chrysohoou C, "Effects of chronic alcohol consumption on lipid levels, inflammatory and haemostatic factors in the general population: the ‘ATTICA’ Study", Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil, 10, pp.355~361 (2003)
- Nocon M, "Association of physical activity with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality : a systematic review and meta-analysis", Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil, 15, pp.239~246 (2008)
- Laaksonen DE, "Low levels of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness predict development of the metabolic syndrome", Diabetes Care, 25, pp.1612~1618 (2002)
- Katzmarzyk PT, "Targeting the metabolic syndrome with exercise : evidence from the HERITAGE Family Study", Med Sci Sports Exerc, 35, pp.1703~1709 (2003)
- Pattyn N, "The effect of exercise on the cardiovascular risk factors constituting the metabolic syndrome : a meta-analysis of controlled trials", Sports Med, 43, pp.121~133 (2013)
- Xi B, "Short sleep duration predicts risk of metabolic syndrome : a systematic review and meta-analysis", Sleep Med Rev, 18, pp.293~297 (2014)
- Spiegel K, "Sleep loss : a novel risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes", J Appl Physiol, 99, pp.2008~2019 (2005)
- Dashti HS, "Short sleep duration and dietary intake: epidemiologic evidence, mechanisms, and health implications", Adv Nutr, 13, pp.648~659 (2015)
- Neuhouser ML, "Use of food nutrition labels is associated with lower fat intake", J Am Diet Assoc, 99, pp.45~53 (1999)
- Finkelstein EA, "Mandatory menu labeling in one fast-food chain in King County, Washington", Am J Prev Med, 40, pp.122~127 (2011)
- Kang HT, "Reading nutrition labels is associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults : the 2007-2008 Korean NHANES", Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 23, pp.876~882 (2013)
- Czernichow S, "Effects of long-term antioxidant supplementation and association of serum antioxidant concentrations with risk of metabolic syndrome in adults", Am J Clin Nutr, 90, pp.329~335 (2009)
- Dodd LJ, "Lifestyle risk factors of students : a cluster analytical approach", Prev Med, 51, pp.73~77 (2010)
- Schlecht NF, "Interaction between tobacco and alcohol consumption and the risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract in Brazil", Am J Epidemiol, 150, pp.1129~1137 (1999)
- McLaughlin JK, "Dietary factors in oral and pharyngeal cancer", J Natl Cancer Inst, 80, pp.1237~1243 (1988)
- Wong ND, "Cardiovascular risk factor targets and cardiovascular disease event risk in diabetes:a pooling project of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and Jackson Heart Study", Diabetes Care, 39, pp.668~676 (2016)
- Banda JA, "Protective health factors and incident hypertension in men", Am J Hypertens, 23, pp.599~605 (2010)