정조의 君師로서의 자기인식과 리더십

Abstract

King Jôngjo ruled the country with a high level of moral, academic and political ability through strict self-management and cultivation. He claimed to be a 'Gunsa (君師)' who inherited the lineage of Confucian truth from ancient Chinese saintly kings stemming from Chu Hsi. Jôngjo, who firmly recognized himself as a Gunsa (君師), strengthened the royal authority using the principle of Tangpyeong (蕩平) and carried out various reforms while responding to crisis with excellent leadership. Jôngjo respected the diversity of opinions in running the country. He promoted mutual understanding through active discussion and communication. He sought the coexistence of pluralistic virtues by easing conflicts and violence. In addition to Tangpyeong (蕩平) in personnel policy, Jôngjo evenly promoted economic reform, hierarchical Tangpyeong (蕩平), regional Tangpyeong (蕩平), people's Tangpyeong (蕩平), and academic/cultural Tangpyeong (蕩平). Jôngjo tried to achieve 'Daedong (大同)', a Confucian ideal society, by establishing social conditions in which structural violence such as discrimination, trouble, conflict, and disturbance were removed. Jôngjo's Tangpyeong (蕩平) was a technique of governing all things, with the characteristics of 'Junron (峻論)-Uiri (義理) tangpyeong (蕩平)' and 'Daedong (大同) tangpyeong (蕩平)'. First, this paper reveals Jôngjo's inner world of perception, that is, his self-recognition as a Gunsa (君師), from the perspective of self-leadership. Second, this paper describes Tangpyeong (蕩平), his original governance technique and philosophical idea, as peace-oriented leadership (peace leadership). In particular, by applying the classification method of peace in modern peace studies, we will look at Junron (峻論)-Uiri (義理) Tangpyong (蕩平), which aims for negative peace, and Daedong (大同) Tangpyong (蕩平), which aims for positive peace. This will allow us to understand Jôngjo's leadership more three-dimensionally.