문제 중심 학습(PBL)을 적용한 「무기화학실험」수업의 효과
The Effects of Problem-based Learning Applied to the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Classes
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초록
본 연구에서는 서울시 소재 대학의 「무기화학실험」 수강생을 대상으로 문제 중심 학습(Problem-based Learning; PBL)전략을 적용한 실험 수업을 한 학기 동안 진행한 후, PBL 전략이 '자기 주도 학습 능력'과 '과학에 대한 태도'에 미치는 영향을알아보았다. 이와 더불어 실험 수업에 적용한 PBL 문제와 PBL 실험 수업 과정에 대한 학생들의 인식을 조사하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, PBL 전략을 적용한 「무기화학실험」 수업 후, 학생들의 '자기 주도 학습 능력'과 '과학에 대한 태도'가통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 나타냈다(p < .05). 특히, '자기 주도 학습 능력'은 7개의 하위 영역 중 '학습자적 신념'을 제외한 6개의 영역에서, '과학에 대한 태도'는 5개의 하위 영역 중 '과학의 유용성'을 제외한 4개의 영역에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다(p < .05). 둘째, 학생들은 PBL 문제가 '자기 주도 학습'을 가능하게 하며 책임감을 가지고 학습할 수 있도록 하는 기회를 제공한다고 응답하였다. 하지만 스스로 문제를 정의하면서 학습 과제를 선정해 나가는 수업 과정에 대해서는 어렵다고 응답하였다. 셋째, 학생들은 PBL 실험 수업을 통해 효과적인 학습을 할 수 있었다고 생각하였으며, PBL이 실험 교과에 적합하고 자기 주도적으로 학습을 할 수 있도록 하는 수업 방식이라고 응답하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of PBL (Problem-based Learning) strategy applied to the 「Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory」 class. Especially, the changes in 'self-directed learning ability' and 'attitudes toward science' of undergraduate students were examined. In addition, perception on PBL problem and the PBL classes were investigated. The results of this study were as follows: First, after the course, 'self-directed learning ability' and 'attitude toward science' of students were significantly improved (p < .05). There were significant improvements in every sub-categories except 'self-confidence as a learner' for 'self directed learning ability' and every sub-categories except 'usefulness of science' for 'attitude toward science'. Second, the students expressed that PBL strategy provided opportunities to learn self-directively and responsibly, but the process of defining the problem was difficult. Finally on the survey toward PBL strategy, the students responded that PBL problems were authentic and helpful to learn problem solving ability. In conclusion, PBL laboratory course is effective for developing self-directed learning ability and positive attitude toward science.
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