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주요국의 대륙붕 외측한계 제출자료 분석 및 시사점

A Study on the issues related to the submissions of the outer limits of continental shelf

정갑용
한국해사법학회 (The Korea Institute Of Maritime Law)|2008.11|해사법연구 (MARITIME LAW REVIEW)|제20권 제3호|pp. 181-218

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유엔해양법협약대륙붕Continental shelf1982 UNCLOS대륙붕 외측한계대륙붕외측한계위원회과학기술지침대륙붕 정책Outer limits of continental shelfThe Commission on the Limits of the Continental shelfthe scientific and technical guidelines of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental ShelfContinental shelf policies.
주제분류법학

초록

1945년 9월 28일에 미국 트루만 선언 이후 각국의 해양관할권 주장이 가속화되었는데, 각국이 경쟁적으로 대륙붕에 대한 관할권을 주장하기 시작하였다. 우리나라는 동중국해에서 일본 및 중국과 대륙붕이 중복되거나 마주보고 있으므로, 대륙붕의 이용, 개발에 관련된 문제점을 연구하는 것이 매우 시급한 과제라고 할 수 있다. 해양법협약은 기선에서 200해리 이내는 연안국의 대륙붕으로 인정하고, 200해리 이원에 대하여는 해양법협약이 정하고 있는 방법 및 절차에 따라 그 외측 한계를 정하도록 하고 있으며, 2009년 5월 12일까지 연안국들이 자발적으로 자국 대륙붕의 외측한계자료를 제출하도록 의무지우고 있다. 연안국이 대륙붕의 외측한계를 설정하면 대륙붕외측한계위원회에서 자료의 타당성을 검토하여 당사국회의에 권고하면 종국적으로 합법적인 대륙붕의 외측한계로 인정된다. 다만, 그러한 외측한계의 설정은 인접하거나 대향하는 국가들간 대륙붕의 종국적인 경계획정에 영향을 주지 않는다. 2008년 7월 현재, 모두 10개국(러시아, 호주, 브라질, 아일랜드, 뉴질랜드, 프랑스, 멕시코, 바르바도스, 영국 및 프랑스/아일랜드/스페인/영국의 공동), 이 대륙붕외측한계위원회에 자국 대륙붕의 외측한계자료를 제출하였는데, 이들 제출자료에 대한 분석을 기초로 앞으로 우리나라에 있어서 대륙붕 외측한계자료의 제출과 관련한 시사점을 다음과 같은 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 주변국의 동향을 파악하여 대륙붕 외측한계 자료제출에 관한 국가실익을 검토해야 할 것이며, 해양탐사기술의 증진, 소요예산과 전문인력을 확보, 행정적, 제도적 추진체제를 마련하는 것이 필요하고, 자연과학적 맟 사회과학의 학제간 연구협력이 긴요하다. 둘째, 대륙붕 외측한계자료를 준비하는데에 있어서 과학기술지침에서 위원회가 정한 과학적, 기술적 요소들을 유의해야 한다. 셋째, 동중국에서 우리나라, 일본 및 중국이 주장하는 대륙붕이 중복되므로, 대륙붕 외측한계자료를 준비하는데에 있어서 인접국과 분쟁울 예방, 회피할 수 있도록 유의해야 하고, 차제에 공동제출하는 방안에 대한 득실도 검토해야 하리라고 본다. 마지막으로, 남극 인근해역 대륙붕 외측한계를 설정하는 자료를 제출하는 것에 대하여 이의를 제기하는 것이 필요하다고 보며, 태평양 도서국가들에 대한 교육 및 훈련, 등의 지원책이 필요하고, 관련법의 정비, 대륙붕법의 제정 또는 개정이 필요하다고 본다.

Abstract

Following upon the Proclamation of President Truman of the United States of 28 September 1945, many countries likewise asserted rights to the continental shelf, Because there are overlapping continental shelf claims between Korea, Japan and China in the east-china sea, it needs to review some issues related to the exploitation of the resources of the continental shelf. The 1982 UNCLOS adopts an automatic right to a continental shelf within 200nautical miles from the baselines, and the coastal State shall delineate the outer limits of its the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines Information on the limits of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles shall be submitted by the coastal State to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf set up under AnnexⅡ. The commission shall make recommendations to coastal State on matters related to the establishment of the outer limits of their continental shelf. The limits of the shelf established by a coastal State on the basis of these recommendations shall be final and binding. But, its recommendations and actions shall not prejudice matters relating to the delimitation of boundaries between States with opposite or adjacent coasts. Until June 2008, in accordance with the Rules of Procedure of the Commission, 10 States(Russia, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, France, Mexico, Barbados, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and France/Ireland/Spain/United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) submitted their the outer limits of its the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf. Based on the Reviews of these submissions, appraisals related to the establishment of the outer limits of Korean continental shelf are as belows; First, it need to review the issues related to the establishment of the outer limits of Korean continental shelf, promote marine exploring technology, obtain budgets, secure experts, and establsih administrative propulsion system. Second, there are so many matters related to the establishment of the outer limits of their continental shelf have scientific and legal factors, academic cooperation is essential to prepare submission papers, and preparations of establishment of the outer limits of their continental shelf shall be accord to the scientific and technical guidelines of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf. Third, east-china sea is the overlapped and enclosed by the outer limits of Korea, Japan and China' claims the continental shelf, it needs to prevent or avoid disputes in establishing our outer limits of their continental shelf. East-china sea is the overlap enclosed by the outer limits of Korea, Japan and China' claims th the continental shelf, it needs to review the joint submission related to overlapped areas by Korea, Japan and China. Finally, it needs to clarify its position make a formal objection on Submission of the outer limits of their continental shelf around the Antarctic, support fund, education and training to islands countires in the Pacific, amend domestic relating laws and enact so called 'continental law'.

참고문헌 (37)

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