Individual differences in categorical perception: L1 English learners’ L2 perception of Korean stops
1
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study investigated individual variability of L2 learners’ categorical judgments of L2 stops by exploring English learners’ perceptual processing of two acoustic cues (voice onset time [VOT] and f0) and working memory capacity as sources of variation. As prior research has reported that English speakers’ greater use of the redundant cue f0 was responsible for gradient processing of native stops, we examined whether the same processing characteristics would be observed in L2 learners’ perception of Korean stops (/t/–/th/). 22 English learners of L2 Korean with a range of L2 proficiency participated in a visual analogue scaling task and demonstrated variable manners of judging the L2 Korean stops: Some were more gradient than others in performing the task. Correlation analysis revealed that L2 learners’ categorical responses were modestly related to individuals’ utilizations of a primary cue for the stop contrast (VOT for L1 English stops and f0 for L2 Korean stops), and were also related to better working memory capacity. Together, the current experimental evidence demonstrates adult L2 learners’ top-down processing of stop consonants where linguistic and cognitive resources are devoted to a process of determining abstract phonemic identity.
Abstract
This study investigated individual variability of L2 learners’ categorical judgments of L2 stops by exploring English learners’ perceptual processing of two acoustic cues (voice onset time [VOT] and f0) and working memory capacity as sources of variation. As prior research has reported that English speakers’ greater use of the redundant cue f0 was responsible for gradient processing of native stops, we examined whether the same processing characteristics would be observed in L2 learners’ perception of Korean stops (/t/–/th/). 22 English learners of L2 Korean with a range of L2 proficiency participated in a visual analogue scaling task and demonstrated variable manners of judging the L2 Korean stops: Some were more gradient than others in performing the task. Correlation analysis revealed that L2 learners’ categorical responses were modestly related to individuals’ utilizations of a primary cue for the stop contrast (VOT for L1 English stops and f0 for L2 Korean stops), and were also related to better working memory capacity. Together, the current experimental evidence demonstrates adult L2 learners’ top-down processing of stop consonants where linguistic and cognitive resources are devoted to a process of determining abstract phonemic identity.
참고문헌 (32)
- Abramson, A. S., "Phonetic linguistics: Essays in honor of Peter Ladefoged", pp.25~33 (1985), Academic Press
- Best, C. T., "Language experience in second language speech learning: In honor of James Emil Flege", pp.13~34 (2007), John Benjamins Publishing Company
- Carney, A. E., "Noncategorical perception of stop consonants differing in VOT", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 62(4), pp.961~970 (1977)
- Escudero, P., "Bridging the gap between L2 speech perception research and phonological theory", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 26(4), pp.551~585 (2004)
- Escudero, P., "Native, non-native and L2 perceptual cue weighting for Dutch vowels : The case of Dutch, German, and Spanish listeners", Journal of Phonetics, 37(4), pp.452~465 (2009)
- Flege, J. E., "Effects of experience on non-native speakers' production and perception of English vowels", Journal of Phonetics, 25(4), pp.437~470 (1997)
- Francis, A. L., "Cue-specific effects of categorization training on the relative weighting of acoustic cues to consonant voicing in English", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 124(2), pp.1234~1251 (2008)
- Gordon, P. C., "Attentional modulation of the phonetic significance of acoustic cues", Cognitive Psychology, 25(1), pp.1~42 (1993)
- Holt, L. L., "Cue weighting in auditory categorization : Implications for first and second language acquisition", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 119(5), pp.3059~3071 (2006)
- Kapnoula, E. C., "Evaluating the sources and functions of gradiency in phoneme categorization : An individual differences approach", Journal of Experimental Psychology : Human Perception and Performance, 43(9), pp.1594~1611 (2017)
- Kim, D., "A longitudinal study of individual differences in the acquisition of new vowel contrasts", Journal of Phonetics, 67, pp.1~20 (2018)
- (2012)[URL]
- Kong, E. J., "Individual differences in L2 learners' perceptual cue weighting patterns", Proceedings of 18th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (ICPhS 2015) (2015)
- Kong, E. J., "Individual differences in categorical perception of speech : Cue weighting and executive function", Journal of Phonetics, 59, pp.40~57 (2016)
- Kong, E. J., "Attentional modulation and individual differences in explaining the changing role of fundamental frequency in Korean laryngeal stop perception", Language and Speech, 61(3), pp.384~408 (2018)
- 공은정, "L2 Proficiency Effect on the Acoustic Cue-Weighting Pattern by Korean L2 Learners of English:Production and Perception of English Stops", 말소리와 음성과학, 5(4), pp.81~90 (2013), 한국음성학회[DOI]
- Kong, E. J., "Why are Korean tense stops acquired so early : The role of acoustic properties", Journal of Phonetics, 39, pp.196~211 (2011)
- Lee, H., "Perception of initial stops in tonal and non-tonal Korean", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 130(4), pp.2572~ (2011)
- Lee, H., "Speakers of tonal and non-tonal Korean dialects use different cue weightings in the perception of the three-way laryngeal stop contrast", Journal of phonetics, 41(2), pp.117~132 (2013)
- Lev-Ari, S., "Low inhibitory skill leads to non-native perception and production in bilinguals’ native language", Journal of Phonetics, 41(5), pp.320~331 (2013)
- Liberman, A. M., "The discrimination of speech sounds within and across phoneme boundaries", Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54(5), pp.358~368 (1957)
- Liberman, A. M., "The discrimination of relative onset-time of the components of certain speech and nonspeech patterns", Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61(5), pp.379~388 (1961)
- Llanos, F., "Auditory enhancement and second language experience in Spanish and English weighting of secondary voicing cues", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 134(3), pp.2213~2224 (2013)
- Massaro, D. W., "Categorical or continuous speech perception : A new test", Speech Communication, 2(1), pp.15~35 (1983)
- Mattys, S. L., "Effects of energetic and informational masking on speech segmentation by native and non-native speakers", Speech Communication, 52(11-12), pp.887~899 (2010)
- McMurray, B., "Gradient sensitivity to within-category variation in words and syllables", Journal of Experimental Psychology : Human Perception and Performance, 34(6), pp.1609~1631 (2008)
- Piske, T., "Factors affecting degree of foreign accent in an L2 : A review", Journal of Phonetics, 29(2), pp.191~215 (2001)
- Pisoni, D. B., "Reaction times to comparisons within and across phonetic categories", Perception & Psychophysics, 15(2), pp.285~290 (1974)
- Schertz, J., "Individual differences in phonetic cue use in production and perception of a non-native sound contrast", Journal of Phonetics, 52, pp.183~204 (2015)
- Schouten, B., "The end of categorical perception as we know it", Speech Communication, 41(1), pp.71~80 (2003)
- Shultz, A. A., "Differential cue weighting in perception and production of consonant voicing", The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 132(2), pp.EL95~EL101 (2012)
- Silva, D. J., "Acoustic evidence for the emergence of tonal contrast in contemporary Korean", Phonology, 23(2), pp.287~308 (2006)