‘Pneumonia Weather’: Short-term Effects of Meteorological Factors on Emergency Room Visits Due to Pneumonia in Seoul, Korea
3
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objectives: Many studies have explored the relationship between short-term weather and its health effects (including pneumonia) based on mortality, although both morbidity and mortality pose a substantial burden. In this study, the authors aimed to describe the influence of meteorological factors on the number of emergency room (ER) visits due to pneumonia in Seoul, Korea. Methods: Daily records of ER visits for pneumonia over a 6-year period (2009-2014) were collected from the National Emergency Department Information System. Corresponding meteorological data were obtained from the National Climate Data Service System. A generalized additive model was used to analyze the effects. The percent change in the relative risk of certain meteorological variables, including pneumonia temperature (defined as the change in average temperature from one day to the next), were estimated for specific age groups. Results: A total of 217 776 ER visits for pneumonia were identified. The additional risk associated with a 1°C increase in pneumonia temperature above the threshold of 6°C was 1.89 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37 to 2.61). Average temperature and diurnal temperature range, representing within-day temperature variance, showed protective effects of 0.07 (95% CI, 0.92 to 0.93) and 0.04 (95% CI, 0.94 to 0.98), respectively. However, in the elderly (65+ years), the effect of pneumonia temperature was inconclusive, and the directionality of the effects of average temperature and diurnal temperature range differed. Conclusions: The term ‘pneumonia temperature’ is valid. Pneumonia temperature was associated with an increased risk of ER visits for pneumonia, while warm average temperatures and large diurnal temperature ranges showed protective effects.
Abstract
Objectives: Many studies have explored the relationship between short-term weather and its health effects (including pneumonia) based on mortality, although both morbidity and mortality pose a substantial burden. In this study, the authors aimed to describe the influence of meteorological factors on the number of emergency room (ER) visits due to pneumonia in Seoul, Korea. Methods: Daily records of ER visits for pneumonia over a 6-year period (2009-2014) were collected from the National Emergency Department Information System. Corresponding meteorological data were obtained from the National Climate Data Service System. A generalized additive model was used to analyze the effects. The percent change in the relative risk of certain meteorological variables, including pneumonia temperature (defined as the change in average temperature from one day to the next), were estimated for specific age groups. Results: A total of 217 776 ER visits for pneumonia were identified. The additional risk associated with a 1°C increase in pneumonia temperature above the threshold of 6°C was 1.89 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37 to 2.61). Average temperature and diurnal temperature range, representing within-day temperature variance, showed protective effects of 0.07 (95% CI, 0.92 to 0.93) and 0.04 (95% CI, 0.94 to 0.98), respectively. However, in the elderly (65+ years), the effect of pneumonia temperature was inconclusive, and the directionality of the effects of average temperature and diurnal temperature range differed. Conclusions: The term ‘pneumonia temperature’ is valid. Pneumonia temperature was associated with an increased risk of ER visits for pneumonia, while warm average temperatures and large diurnal temperature ranges showed protective effects.
참고문헌 (31)
- "Causes of death statistics in 2016"[URL]
- Braga AL, "The effect of weather on respiratory and cardiovascular deaths in 12 U.S. cities", Environ Health Perspect, 110(9), pp.859~863 (2002)
- Chung JY, "Ambient temperature and mortality : an international study in four capital cities of East Asia", Sci Total Environ, 408(2), pp.390~396 (2009)
- Kim J, "Effect of climate factors on the childhood pneumonia in Papua New Guinea: a time-series analysis", Int J Environ Res Public Health, 13(2), pp.213~ (2016)
- Liu L, "Associations between air temperature and cardio-respiratory mortality in the urban area of Beijing, China : a time-series analysis", Environ Health, 10, pp.51~ (2011)
- Liu Y, "Temporal relationship between hospital admissions for pneumonia and weather conditions in Shanghai, China : a time-series analysis", BMJ Open, 4(7), pp.e004961~ (2014)
- Lim YH, "Modifiers of diurnal temperature range and mortality association in six Korean cities", Int J Biometeorol, 56(1), pp.33~42 (2012)
- Kan H, "Diurnal temperature range and daily mortality in Shanghai, China", Environ Res, 103(3), pp.424~431 (2007)
- Lim YH, "Effects of diurnal temperature range on cardiovascular and respiratory hospital admissions in Korea", Sci Total Environ, 417-418, pp.55~60 (2012)
- Nascimento-Carvalho CM, "Seasonal patterns of viral and bacterial infections among children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia in a tropical region", Scand J Infect Dis, 42(11-12), pp.839~844 (2010)
- Chan PW, "Seasonal variation in respiratory syncytial virus chest infection in the tropics", Pediatr Pulmonol, 34(1), pp.47~51 (2002)
- Mäkinen TM, "Cold temperature and low humidity are associated with increased occurrence of respiratory tract infections", Respir Med, 103(3), pp.456~462 (2009)
- Basu R, "Relation between elevated ambient temperature and mortality : a review of the epidemiologic evidence", Epidemiol Rev, 24(2), pp.190~202 (2002)
- Paynter S, "Childhood pneumonia : a neglected, climate-sensitive disease", Lancet, 376(9755), pp.1804~1805 (2010)
- Lessler J, "Incubation periods of acute respiratory viral infections : a systematic review", Lancet Infect Dis, 9(5), pp.291~300 (2009)
- Donaldson GC, "Influence of season on exacerbation characteristics in patients with COPD", Chest, 141(1), pp.94~100 (2012)
- Falagas ME, "Effect of meteorological variables on the incidence of respiratory tract infections", Respir Med, 102(5), pp.733~737 (2008)
- Murdoch DR, "Association of respiratory virus activity and environmental factors with the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease", J Infect, 58(1), pp.37~46 (2009)
- Eccles R, "Exposure to cold and acute upper respiratory tract infection", Rhinology, 53(2), pp.99~106 (2015)
- Tian DD, "Meteorological factors on the incidence of MP and RSV pneumonia in children", PLoS One, 12(3), pp.e0173409~ (2017)
- Xu Z, "Impact of ambient temperature on children’s health : a systematic review", Environ Res, 117, pp.120~131 (2012)
- Green RS, "The effect of temperature on hospital admissions in nine California counties", Int J Public Health, 55(2), pp.113~121 (2010)
- Shiri R, "The association between obesity and the prevalence of low back pain in young adults : the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study", Am J Epidemiol, 167(9), pp.1110~1119 (2008)
- Larsson K, "High prevalence of asthma in cross country skiers", BMJ, 307(6915), pp.1326~1329 (1993)
- Larsson K, "Inhalation of cold air increases the number of inflammatory cells in the lungs in healthy subjects", Eur Respir J, 12(4), pp.825~830 (1998)
- Graudenz GS, "The role of allergic rhinitis in nasal responses to sudden temperature changes", J Allergy Clin Immunol, 118(5), pp.1126~1132 (2006)
- Ge WZ, "Association between diurnal temperature range and respiratory tract infections", Biomed Environ Sci, 26(3), pp.222~225 (2013)
- Xu Z, "Diurnal temperature range and childhood asthma : a time-series study", Environ Health, 12, pp.12~ (2013)
- Wang MZ, "The association between diurnal temperature range and emergency room admissions for cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive and genitourinary disease among the elderly: a time series study", Sci Total Environ, 456-457, pp.370~375 (2013)
- Li T, "Diurnal temperature range may be the risk factor for respiratory tract infections among the elderly in Guangzhou, China", Int J Biometeorol, 58(3), pp.309~310 (2014)
- Lowen AC, "Influenza virus transmission is dependent on relative humidity and temperature", PLoS Pathog, 3(10), pp.1470~1476 (2007)