Perception of discrepancy in the upper midline position in conjunction with the gingival display according to various occupations in Iran
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective: This study evaluated the influence of various gingival displays on the esthetic perception in the presence of upper dental midline discrepancy. Methods: A smiling image of a male subject was altered digitally to produce five image series: normal smile (series A), decreased tooth show (series B), increased gingival show (series C), maxillary cant (series D), and asymmetric upper lip elevation (series E). In each image series, the midline was deviated to the right and left incrementally. A total of 210 raters (four professional groups and laypersons, n = 42 in each group) determined the midline deviation threshold and the attractiveness of midline position in each series. Results: The right and left thresholds were statistically similar for the symmetrical series (A, B, and C), while for series D, the right threshold was significantly lower. In most rater groups, the mean threshold order was: B > A > E > C > D. In all the series, the raters selected the coincident midline as the most attractive series except for series D, for which 1–2-mm deviations to the left were selected as the most attractive by almost all the groups. Conclusions: It is crucial to establish the coincident midline position in a symmetrical smile, especially when a gummy smile exists. In the asymmetrical gingival show, a coincident midline might not be the most esthetic midline position.
Abstract
Objective: This study evaluated the influence of various gingival displays on the esthetic perception in the presence of upper dental midline discrepancy. Methods: A smiling image of a male subject was altered digitally to produce five image series: normal smile (series A), decreased tooth show (series B), increased gingival show (series C), maxillary cant (series D), and asymmetric upper lip elevation (series E). In each image series, the midline was deviated to the right and left incrementally. A total of 210 raters (four professional groups and laypersons, n = 42 in each group) determined the midline deviation threshold and the attractiveness of midline position in each series. Results: The right and left thresholds were statistically similar for the symmetrical series (A, B, and C), while for series D, the right threshold was significantly lower. In most rater groups, the mean threshold order was: B > A > E > C > D. In all the series, the raters selected the coincident midline as the most attractive series except for series D, for which 1–2-mm deviations to the left were selected as the most attractive by almost all the groups. Conclusions: It is crucial to establish the coincident midline position in a symmetrical smile, especially when a gummy smile exists. In the asymmetrical gingival show, a coincident midline might not be the most esthetic midline position.
참고문헌 (37)
- Joana Godinho, "Contribution of facial components to the attractiveness of the smiling face in male and female patients: A cross-sectional correlation study", American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 157(1), pp.98~104 (2020), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- C. Flores-Mir, "Lay person’s perception of smile aesthetics in dental and facial views", Journal of Orthodontics, 31(3), pp.204~209 (2004), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
- Silva BP, "Perception of maxillary dental midline shift in asymmetric faces", Int J Esthet Dent, 10, pp.588~596 (2015)[DOI]
- Bruno Silva, "Laypersons’ Perception of Facial and Dental Asymmetries", International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry, 33(6), pp.e162~e171 (2013), Quintessence Publishing[DOI]
- A.J. Ker, "Esthetics and Smile Characteristics From the Layperson's Perspective", The Journal of the American Dental Association, 139(10), pp.1318~1327 (2008), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Vincent O. Kokich, "Perceptions of dental professionals and laypersons to altered dental esthetics: Asymmetric and symmetric situations", American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 130(2), pp.141~151 (2006), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Harry Dym, "Diagnosis and Treatment Approaches to a "Gummy Smile"", Dental Clinics of North America, 64(2), pp.341~349 (2020), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Woo-Sang Hwang, "Surface Anatomy of the Lip Elevator Muscles for the Treatment of Gummy Smile Using Botulinum Toxin", The Angle Orthodontist, 79(1), pp.70~77 (2009), The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)[DOI]
- Thomas C. Waldrop, "Gummy Smiles: The Challenge of Gingival Excess: Prevalence and Guidelines for Clinical Management", Seminars in Orthodontics, 14(4), pp.260~271 (2008), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Yuji Ishida, "Nonsurgical treatment of an adult with a skeletal Class II gummy smile using zygomatic temporary anchorage devices and improved superelastic nickel-titanium alloy wires", American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 152(5), pp.693~705 (2017), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Simone Parrini, "Laypeople's perceptions of frontal smile esthetics: A systematic review", American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 150(5), pp.740~750 (2016), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Seong-Mu An, "Comparing esthetic smile perceptions among laypersons with and without orthodontic treatment experience and dentists", 대한치과교정학회지, 44(6), pp.294~303 (2014), 대한치과교정학회
- Jeffrey W. Beyer, "Evaluation of dental midline position", Seminars in Orthodontics, 4(3), pp.146~152 (1998), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Chan A. Chang, "Smile esthetics from patients’ perspectives for faces of varying attractiveness", American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 140(4), pp.e171~e180 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Jamille Barros Ferreira, "Perception of midline deviations in smile esthetics by laypersons", Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics, 21(6), pp.51~57 (2016), FapUNIFESP (SciELO)[DOI]
- C. Johnston, "The influence of dental to facial midline discrepancies on dental attractiveness ratings", The European Journal of Orthodontics, 21(5), pp.517~522 (1999), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- Sérgio Pinho, "Impact of dental asymmetries on the perception of smile esthetics", American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 132(6), pp.748~753 (2007), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Flávia cracel-Nogueira, "Assessment of the perception of smile esthetics by laypersons, dental students and dental practitioners", International Orthodontics, 11(4), pp.432~444 (2013), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Rothas DA, "Evaluation of the maxillary dental midline relative to the face", Master, pp.2008
- Neeru Sharma, "Smile characterization by U.S. white, U.S. Asian Indian, and Indian populations", The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 107(5), pp.327~335 (2012), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Shyagali TR, "Are ratings of dentofacial attractiveness influenced by dentofacial midline discrepancies?", Aust Orthod J, 24, pp.91~95 (2008)[DOI]
- Nathan C. Springer, "Smile esthetics from the layperson’s perspective", American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 139(1), pp.e91~e101 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Ryan P. Williams, "Perceptions of midline deviations among different facial types", American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 145(2), pp.249~255 (2014), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Yi-fan Zhang, "Young People's Esthetic Perception of Dental Midline Deviation", The Angle Orthodontist, 80(3), pp.515~520 (2010), The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)[DOI]
- Vo Truong Nhu Ngoc, "Perceptions of Dentists and Non-Professionals on Some Dental Factors Affecting Smile Aesthetics: A Study from Vietnam", International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), pp.1638~ (2020), MDPI AG[DOI]
- Burçak Kaya, "Influence on smile attractiveness of the smile arc in conjunction with gingival display", American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 144(4), pp.541~547 (2013), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Al Hassan Alyami, "Aesthetic Perception about Gingival Display on Maxillary Incisor Inclination among Saudi Dentists, Orthodontist and Lay Persons", JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 12, pp.56~60 (2018), JCDR Research and Publications[DOI]
- Graber LW, "Orthodontics:current principles and techniques" (2017), Elsevier Mosby
- Proffit WR, "Contemporary orthodontics" (2018), Elsevier Health Sciences
- Liliana Fernandes, "Esthetic evaluation of dental and gingival asymmetries", International Orthodontics, 13(2), pp.221~231 (2015), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- H. Ioi, "Influence of gingival display on smile aesthetics in Japanese", The European Journal of Orthodontics, 32(6), pp.633~637 (2010), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- F. B. Naini, "Assessing the influence of mandibular prominence on perceived attractiveness in the orthognathic patient, clinician, and layperson", The European Journal of Orthodontics, 34(6), pp.738~746 (2011), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- Farhad B. Naini, "Assessing the Influence of Asymmeftry Affecting the Mandible and Chin Point on Perceived Attractiveness in the Orthognathic Patient, Clinician, and Layperson", Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 70(1), pp.192~206 (2012), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Asim Al-Ansari, "Intention to seek esthetic dental treatment and the theory of planned behavior in Saudi dental students and the general population", The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 124(6), pp.774~779 (2020), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Philipp Meyer-Marcotty, "Dentofacial Self-Perception and Social Perception of Adults with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate", Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics, 2009, pp.70(3), 224~236[DOI]
- Alhammadi MS, "Perception of dental, smile and gingival esthetic components by dental specialists, general dental practitioners, dental assistants and laypersons: a cross-sectional study", World J Dent, 13, pp.250~260 (2022)[DOI]
- Hooman Sadrhaghighi, "Esthetic perception of smile components by orthodontists, general dentists, dental students, artists, and laypersons", Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry, 8(4), pp.e12235~ (2016), Wiley[DOI]