Inhibition of Cell Growth and Mitochondrial Activity in Human Gingival Fibroblasts by LED-Generated Red Light Exposure
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This study examined the effects of red light generatedfrom a light emitting diode (LED) upon proliferation andmitochondrial stress in human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). Cells were exposed to LED-generated red light at a clinicallyrelevant intensity and distance with a 610-630 nm wavelengthfor various times (0-48 min). At different exposuretimes, cells were processed for the analysis of succinatedehydrogenase (SDH) activity, proliferation, mitochondrialmembrane potential (MMP) and cytotoxicity. Cell cycle progressionwas also investigated by flow cytometry afterstaining with propidium iodide. Red light exposure wasfound to inhibit SDH activity and DNA synthesis in hGFs ina time-dependent manner. Light exposure also reduced theMMP levels in these cells and this was closely associated witha G0/G1 arrest. In contrast, exposure of hGFs to red light for48 min led to a dramatic loss of MMP with an attendantincrease in cytotoxicity. These findings demonstrate thatLED-generated red light may cause mitochondrial stressand growth inhibition in hGFs during tooth whiteningtherapy, depending on the length of the exposure.
Abstract
This study examined the effects of red light generatedfrom a light emitting diode (LED) upon proliferation andmitochondrial stress in human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). Cells were exposed to LED-generated red light at a clinicallyrelevant intensity and distance with a 610-630 nm wavelengthfor various times (0-48 min). At different exposuretimes, cells were processed for the analysis of succinatedehydrogenase (SDH) activity, proliferation, mitochondrialmembrane potential (MMP) and cytotoxicity. Cell cycle progressionwas also investigated by flow cytometry afterstaining with propidium iodide. Red light exposure wasfound to inhibit SDH activity and DNA synthesis in hGFs ina time-dependent manner. Light exposure also reduced theMMP levels in these cells and this was closely associated witha G0/G1 arrest. In contrast, exposure of hGFs to red light for48 min led to a dramatic loss of MMP with an attendantincrease in cytotoxicity. These findings demonstrate thatLED-generated red light may cause mitochondrial stressand growth inhibition in hGFs during tooth whiteningtherapy, depending on the length of the exposure.
참고문헌 (22)
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