일본 소규모기업의 창업과 폐업실태에 관한 연구

Abstract

Japanese small businesses that played a great role as a source of vitality in the Japanese economy is currently placed in difficult management surroundings due to the changes in the domestic and abroad business circumstances. Those small businesses are now facing several problems, such as a high Yen exchange rate, a rise in oil prices, development of other Asian countries including China, weakened international competitiveness due to a change in the structure of exportation, reindustrialization of the domestic manufacturing industry and the scarcity of labor due to an aging population and low fertility. In this situation, small and medium commercial businesses, which are major parts of Japanese enterprise, need to adapt appropriately to the environmental changes and to actively handle the problems for the advancement of Japanese economy and society. In order to promote small and medium commercial businesses, Japan has implemented managerial and financial support systems. For the managerial support system, Japan has provided managerial improvement system and consultative support system. In addition, loans of operating capital and equipment funds have been provided to the small businesses as the financial support system. In spite of these support systems, Japan, however, is still struggling with closure of those small enterprises. The number of closure of Japanese enterprises has been increasing since 1991 and overwhelming the number of establishment of new businesses. By analyzing the Japan’s support system for the small businesses and establishment and closure of those enterprises, this study suggests a new method for successful start of a new business.