무엇이 청년 창업자들을 만족하게 만드는가? 창업의 외재적·내재적 만족의 영향요인에 관한 연구
What Makes Youth Entrepreneurs Feel Satisfied? A Study on the Factors Influencing Extrinsic and Intrinsic Entrepreneurial Satisfaction
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본 연구의 목적은 청년 창업자들의 외재적‧내재적 창업만족에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인들을 창업단계에 따라 식별하고, 이들 요인들이 실제 창업만족에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 수 있는지를 살펴보는 것이다. 한국고용정보원에서 제공하는 ‘대졸자직업이동경로조사’의 3개년 자료에서 추출한 창업자 999명을 표본으로 하여 가설검증을 실시한 결과 본 연구는 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 청년 창업자들은 창업준비 단계에서 창업지원 프로그램의 참여를 통해 유익한 도움을 받았을 때 창업후 외재적‧내재적 창업만족이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 직장(일자리)경험이 창업에 도움이 된 경우 창업자들의 내재적 창업만족을 높일 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 창업동아리 경험이나 창업시 기술확보의 어려움은 청년 창업자들의 외재적 만족과 내재적 만족에 각기 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 창업단계에서 생계형 창업에 비해 기회형 창업이 청년 창업자들의 내재적 창업만족에 유의한 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 단독/공동 창업과 같은 창업의 형태는 창업만족에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 창업이후 월 수입액은 창업의 외재적‧내재적 만족에 모두 유의한 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 외재적 만족에 보다 강한 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 이러한 결과를 토대로 청년 창업자들의 만족과 관련된 다양한 시사점들을 제시했다.
Abstract
This study aims to identify the influential factors across startup-stages affecting entrepreneurial satisfaction and to investigate the relationship between these factors and youth entrepreneurs’ extrinsic and intrinsic satisfaction. Using a sample of 999 youth entrepreneurs from the ‘Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (2014~2016 GOMS)’ data, the study got the following results through hypothesis testing. First, youth entrepreneurs who have experience useful that attended the program for start-ups assistance at the stage of preparing the start-up are getting a higher extrinsic and intrinsic satisfaction after start-ups. And the experience of a job (worker) has a significant positive effect on intrinsic entrepreneurial satisfaction. However, the activities of start-up clubs and the difficulties of technical assistance have shown the negative effect on each extrinsic and intrinsic satisfaction differently. Second, opportunity-based rather than necessity-based start-ups have a significant positive effect on intrinsic entrepreneurial satisfaction. However, solo or team start-ups have no significant effect on entrepreneurial satisfaction. Third, average income per month has a significant positive effect on extrinsic and intrinsic satisfaction, and this effect is more positive at extrinsic entrepreneurial satisfaction. Based on these results, this study suggested several academic and practical implications for youth entrepreneurs and policy-makers.
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