이민과 인권: 칠레의 페루 이민자를 중심으로

Abstract

This paper focuses on the status of the current situations of the human rights of Peruvian migrants in Chile. At the present time many changes have occurred in international migration within South America, amongst which the case of Chile stands out. During the nineties, that country experienced a transformation in the composition of immigrants stocks. The massive entrance of the Latin American immigrants and the diminution of European raise the possibility that Chile could become an immigration country. Peruvians are significantly a massive group of immigrants to Chile. Referring to the Peruvian immigration in Chile, it is worth to mention the phenomenon of feminization. The majority of Peruvian women are occupied in the domestic service as ‘asesora del hogar’(a housemaid). Also, the anti-immigration or xenophobia in the Chilean society begins to be noticed in accompany with the increase of the foreigners.The border war of 1879 was very significant in setting the standards of the relationship of Chile-Peru. The warfare ended but the boundary dispute is not solved completely yet. So the anti-Chilean sentiment appears and likewise, the Chileans feel an antipathy against the Peruvian people. The Peruvian migrants are monitored and discriminated very often in the Chilean society. They are a ‘second class citizen'. But they know both well Peru and Chile so they would be considered as a ‘new citizen'. The Peruvians are making firm their migrant community and are communicating continuously with Peru. Therefore, they are living in a binational way. Consequently the life of Peruvian immigrants in Chile has multi-level and complex characteristics.