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From Social Control to Social Instability: US-Mexican Relations in the ‘War on Drugs’ (2000-2008)

Colin Campbell
한국라틴아메리카학회 (Latin American Studies Association Of Korea)|2010.09|라틴아메리카연구 (Asian Journal of Latinamerican Studies)|제23권 제3호|pp. 185-219|DOI 10.22945/ajlas.2010.23.3.185

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키워드

마약Mexico멕시코USSocial Constructivism사회적 구성주의Narcotics마약과의 전쟁Drugs War / 미국
주제분류지역학

초록

This article examines the evolving nature of the ‘war on drugs’ and its connections to US-Mexican bilateral security relations, seeking to enable the reader to understand the socio-political context of the on-going war on drugs in Mexico. The article discusses the changing nature of the US and Mexican responses to the ‘war’ as vested interests of the respective elite classes evolve. This is particularly evident in post-1980s Mexico, as the ruling PRI lost its grip on the reigns of power both at local and state level in the North of the country to the PAN (Partido Acción Nacional). It was during this period that the flow of narcotics, notably cocaine increased via Mexico into its North American neighbour. This combined with an increased readiness by drug cartels to use violence both amongst themselves and against agents of the Mexican state. As a result, from the 1980s to the present day, the level of violence experienced in the North of the country has steadily increased as its ties to the corporate model implemented by the PRI are severed and Mexico moves towards a more democratic model of governance. However, the states failure to provide a dominant reason d’etat and implement law and order has led to increased level of violence, which has moved from the northern border region and now is present throughout the country. Having previously been reliant on the Mexican military to abate the problem, the Mexican state is struggling to contain the threat posed by the drug cartels.

Abstract

This article examines the evolving nature of the ‘war on drugs’ and its connections to US-Mexican bilateral security relations, seeking to enable the reader to understand the socio-political context of the on-going war on drugs in Mexico. The article discusses the changing nature of the US and Mexican responses to the ‘war’ as vested interests of the respective elite classes evolve. This is particularly evident in post-1980s Mexico, as the ruling PRI lost its grip on the reigns of power both at local and state level in the North of the country to the PAN (Partido Acción Nacional). It was during this period that the flow of narcotics, notably cocaine increased via Mexico into its North American neighbour. This combined with an increased readiness by drug cartels to use violence both amongst themselves and against agents of the Mexican state. As a result, from the 1980s to the present day, the level of violence experienced in the North of the country has steadily increased as its ties to the corporate model implemented by the PRI are severed and Mexico moves towards a more democratic model of governance. However, the states failure to provide a dominant reason d’etat and implement law and order has led to increased level of violence, which has moved from the northern border region and now is present throughout the country. Having previously been reliant on the Mexican military to abate the problem, the Mexican state is struggling to contain the threat posed by the drug cartels.

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