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동해 울릉분지 표층퇴적물에서 농화배양한 금속환원미생물의 다양한 금속(Fe, Mn, Se, Au) 환원 및 생광물화작용 특성

Metal (Fe, Mn, Se, Au) Reductions and Biominerailzation using Metal-Reducing Bacteria enriched from Marine Sediments of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea

김유미|정현이|노열|정혜연
한국자원공학회 (The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers)|2016.10|한국자원공학회지 (Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers)|제53권 제5호|pp. 407-419

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키워드

BiomineralizationUlleung Basin울릉분지금속환원미생물생광물화작용금속환원Metal-reducing BacteriaMetal-reduction
주제분류자원공학

초록

이 연구에서는 울릉분지 퇴적물에서 금속환원미생물을 농화 배양하여 종 다양성을 확인하고, 다양한 유기물과 금속 산화물을 각각 전자공여체 및 전자수용체로 이용하여 8°C와 25°C에서 미생물의 금속환원능을 평가하였다. 형성된 침전물은 XRD, SEM/TEM-EDS 분석을 통해 광물학적 특성을 확인하였다. 농화배양된 금속환원미생물은 Shewanella sp. 와 Clostridium sp., 등 이며, 이 미생물에 의해 망간(IV)산화물은 능망간석(MnCO3)으로, 철(III)수산화물은 자철석(Fe3O4) 및 능철석(FeCO3)으로 상전이 되고, 셀레늄(VI)과 금(III) 이온은 각각 셀레늄(0)과 금(0)으로환원되어 침전되었다. 따라서 동해 울릉분지 표층퇴적물 내 다양한 금속환원미생물의 존재는 퇴적물 내 망간과 철을비롯한 다양한 금속의 순환과 광물 형성 및 집적에 기여했을 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine diverse metal-reduction and biomineralization by metal-reducing bacteria (MRB) enriched from marine sediments of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea. Microbial diversity of the MRB was identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Microbial metal reduction was studied using diverse redox-sensitive metals [Mn(IV), Fe(III), Se(VI), Au(III)] as electron acceptors and various electron donors (acetate, formate, glucose, lactate, and pyruvate) at 8°C or 25°C. XRD and SEM/TEM-EDS were used to analyze mineralogical, chemical, and morphological characteristics of the minerals formed by bacteria. The MRB including Shewanella sp., Clostridium sp., Vibrio sp. and others, formed rhodochrosite (MnCO3), and magnetite (Fe3O4)/siderite (FeCO3) by Mn(IV) and Fe(III) reduction processes, respectively. They also reduced Se(VI) and Au(III) into Se(0) and Au(0), respectively. These results imply that the MRB are able to reduce various redox-sensitive metals and they may influence biomineralization and cycle of metals and organic matter in subsurface environments.

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