광산배수에서 황산염 제거를 위한 황산염환원균의 활성도 연구
Activity Evaluation of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria for the Sulfate Removal in the Mine Drainage
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초록
황산염 함량이 높은 광산배수를 대상으로 다양한 기질물질을 적용하여 황산염환원균의 활성도와 황산염 제거율을 평가하였다. 적용 기질물질 중 우분 단독 또는 우분이 포함된 버섯퇴비 및 혼합퇴비에서 황산염이 대부분 환원되고 총 황의 제거율이 90% 이상 제거되었다. 우분과 우분이 포함된 기질물질 조합을 Postgate 액상배지에 접종하여황산염 환원 양상을 분석한 결과 22일 경과 후 90% 이상 황산염이 환원되는 것으로 나타났다. 황산염환원균에 의해환원된 황산염은 주어진 pH 조건에서 HS ‒ 또는 H2S로 존재할 것으로 예측되고, 광산배수 내 낮은 2가 중금속 함량으로 인해 H2S가 기체상으로 해리되어 총 황이 제거 되는 것으로 추측된다. 또한 Postgate 평판배지에 접종하여 혐기적조건에 배양한 결과 우분과 버섯퇴비가 상대적으로 많은 군집이 계수되었는데 이는 버섯퇴비 내 존재하는 다양한 혐기적 종속영양균 때문인 것으로 보인다. 기질물질의 자연정화공정 적용 시 발생하는 투수율 저감과 편류현상 방지를위해 보조제로 석회석과 볏짚을 첨가한 결과 황산염 환원과 용존 총 황의 제거에 영향을 미치지 않아 보조제로서 적용이 가능한 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
Several substrates were applied to evaluate the sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB) activity and sulfate removal from sulfate-rich mine drainage. Among the substrates, single cow manure and its mixture induced sulfate reduction; in addition, 90% of total sulfur was removed from mine drainage. The sulfates in Postgate medium added to these inocula were also reduced by 90% after 22 days. Although sulfide reduced by SRB existed in the form of H2S and HS ‒ in circumstantial pH, it was probably removed by gas dissociation of H2S because of low divalent metal concentrations in mine drainage. Inocula incubated onto Postgate media in anaerobic condition showed more heterotrophic anaerobe colony in mixture of cow manure and mushroom compost due to microbial diversity. The subsidiaries such as limestone and rice straw did not concerned SRB activity and removal of sulfur species, and it could be appled to substrate mixtures to enhance permeability and to prevent the channeling in full-scale passive treatment.
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