북극 석유자원개발과 해양플랜트 산업의 현황 및 전망
Trends and Outlook of the Arctic Petroleum Development and the Offshore Plant Industry
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지구온난화로 인한 빙하감소로 확보된 항로를 통해 북극 지역의 부존자원에 대한 탐사 및 개발 작업이 이루 어지고 있으나, 저온 생산 환경, 인프라 문제, 유동안정성 확보, 환경적 규제 등의 자원개발을 진행함에 있어 고려사항 이 존재한다. 극한 환경에서 석유자원개발 시 기존의 해양플랜트 기술 적용이 어렵고 탐사에서 생산까지 큰 비용과 위험이 수반되므로 주로 석유 메이저 등 소수 기업에 의해 진행되어 왔다. 국내의 경우 해양플랜트 건조 및 제작 단계 의 기술역량은 우수하나 핵심기술인 기본설계부문 및 FEED의 기술력과 경험은 부족한 상황이다. 또한, 플랜트의 안 정성과 품질을 중요시 하는 산업의 특성상 진입장벽이 높아 위험도 해석과 평가기술 개발이 필요하다. 향후 북극 자원 개발의 경쟁력을 높이기 위해서는 국외의 기술동향을 파악하여 해양플랜트 산업을 포함한 다양한 분야와의 기술융 합이 이루어져야 할 것이다.
Abstract
Petroleum exploration and production (E&P) of the Arctic is being carried out through the routes opened by global warming-induced glacial melting. However, there are considerations in the E&P such as low temperature, infrastructure, flow assurance, and environmental regulations. In extreme environments, it is difficult to apply current plant technologies, and each step of the development involves high risk and cost. Therefore, development has been carried out only by a few major oil companies. The domestic technical capability of building and manufacturing is excellent; however, the required technology and expertise of basic design and FEED are still lacking. Because the stability and quality of the plant are important, it is necessary to develop evaluation techniques for interpreting a degree of risk. In order to enhance the competitiveness of the Arctic E&P, technology convergence must be accomplished in various fields including the offshore plant industry by comprehending international technology trends.
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