가학광산 중금속 오염토양의 세척 최적조건 연구
A Study on Optimal Conditions for Washing the Heavy Metal Polluted Soil in Ka-hak Mine
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초록
본 연구는 가학광산 오염토양 정화를 위해 토양 세척 최적조건을 수립하는데 목적이 있다. 연구지역 내 토양 은 다양한 중금속에 의해 오염되어 있는데 특히 구리, 납, 아연의 농도가 높게 나타난다. 염산을 활용한 세척실험 결과 1 M의 농도로 30분 세척 시 중금속의 제거 효과가 가장 좋게 나타났다. 전체 토양의 38%는 1.18 mm 이상의 굵은 입자 로 오염도가 상대적으로 낮으나 0.075 mm 이하의 작은 입자들은 오염도가 높아 고농도의 염산용액과 긴 세척시간에 도 불구하고 오염도를 기준치 이내로 낮추기 어려웠다. 따라서 오염도가 높고, 중금속 농도 저감이 어려운 작은 토양 입자들을 토양세척 이전에 물리적인 방법으로 분리할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 습식 사이클론을 활용한 연속식 토양세척 실험 결과 20% 이상의 미립자를 제거한 경우 오염토양의 중금속 농도를 기준치 이내로 저감시킬 수 있었다.
Abstract
In order to remove pollutants from the soil in the Ka-hak mine site, this study investigates optimization of the acid washing conditions for the soil. The soil at the site is presumed to be contaminated by diffused heavy-metal-contaminated tailings. The major heavy metal pollutants in the soil are copper, lead, and zinc. Gravels larger than 5mm in size constitute approximately 38% of the soil, and these are the least polluted by heavy metals. On the other hand, it is difficult to reduce the concentration of heavy metals in fine soils, particularly those whose sizes are less than 0.075 mm. The results of the continuous process using a hydro-cyclone show that fine soil particles consisting of at least 20% of the raw soil must be separated before the chemical soil washing process in order to achieve reliable cleaning.
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