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바스트나사이트, 모나자이트, 제노타임의 부유선별 연구동향

Flotation Researches of Bastnaesite, Monazite, Xenotime: A Review

유경근|정문철
한국자원공학회 (The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers)|2020.12|한국자원공학회지 (Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers)|제57권 제6호|pp. 652-670

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키워드

희토류Rare earth elementsFlotation부유선별Monazite모나자이트바스트나사이트제노타임BastnaesiteXenotime
주제분류자원공학

초록

이 글에서는 대표적 희토류 광물인 바스트나사이트, 모나자이트, 제노타임의 부유선별 연구에 대한 문헌 정보를 통해, 희토류 광물의 화학적 조성 및 기원, 표면 특성, 흡착 메커니즘, 부유선별 시약의 종류 및 효과 등에 대한 정보를 정리하였다. 자연발생적으로 친수성 표면을 갖는 희토류 광물은 하이드로자믹산, 지방산 및 인산 계열의 포수제를 통해 높은 부유도를 얻을 수 있다. 포수제와광물 표면의 흡착 메커니즘은 희토류 광물 표면에 존재하는 희토류 3가 양이온과 포수제의 작용기의 화학적 결합으로 설명된다. 또한, 부유선별의 주요 목적인 선택적인 광물의 회수를 위해서는 억제제의 사용이 필수적이며, 희토류 광물의 부유선별에 사용되는 다양한 억제제 및 활성제에 대한 사례를 정리하였다. 본 연구에서 제공한 정보는 현재 생산 중이거나 새롭게 발견되는 희토류 광상에대한 효율적인 부유선별 공정 설계를 위한 기본적인 참고자료가 될 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract

A literature review was conducted to summarize the types of minerals containing rare earth elements, their chemical composition, surface characteristics, adsorption mechanism with various collectors, reagent scheme, and their effects on the flotation process using currently available studies on rare earth mineral flotations. Minerals that are commercially exploited to recover rare earth elements include bastnaesite, monazite, and xenotime. Using hydroxamate, carboxylate, and phosphate collectors, the surface of minerals became hydrophobic, and high floatability was readily achieved. It was concluded that adsorption occurs chemically by interacting with the functional group of collectors and the trivalent rare earth cation on the mineral surface. The use of a depressant was necessary to achieve better selectivity, as it commonly occurs with various types of gangue minerals. It is expected that this study will provide fundamental information to design effective flotation processes for both currently available and newly found deposits.

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