함바나듐 광상의 종류와 공정광물학적 특성 고찰
A Review on Types of Vanadium Deposits and Process Mineralogical Characteristics
0
조회
0
다운로드
5
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
바나듐은 주로 광물의 미량 성분으로 존재하기 때문에 바나듐 광상은 바나듐이 농축된 광물이 국부적으로 농집되어 있는곳이라기보다는 부산물에서 바나듐을 회수할 수 있는 광상을 의미한다. 바나듐 광상은 VTM, SSV, 함바나듐 셰일 그리고 바나듐산염 광상의 4가지로 크게 구분된다. 함바나듐 자철석광상은 철질~고철질 암석에 배태되며 바나듐은 주로 자철석에 함유되어 있다. 자철석 내에는 흔히 티탄철석이 용리엽이나 공정을 형성하고 있어서 분쇄를 통해 정광의 품위를 어느 수준 이상으로 높이는 것은 불가능하다. 정광에서 Si, Al, Mg, Ca과 같은 불순물 원소의 함량을 낮추기 위해서는 정확한 광물학적 분석이 필요하다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 추가적인 정선을 실시하여 정광의 품위를 높일 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Because vanadium mainly exists as a trace element in minerals, vanadium deposit refers to a deposit capable of recovering vanadium from by-products rather than a reserve where vanadium-enriched minerals are locally concentrated. Vanadium deposits are largely divided into four types: VTM, SSV, shale-hosted vanadium, and vanadate deposits. VTM deposits, where vanadium is mostly present in magnetite, is embedded in mafic–ultramafic rocks. Ilmenite often forms exsolution lamellae or intergrowth in magnetite; therefore, it is impossible to upgrade the concentrate to a certain level or higher via further grinding. In-depth mineralogical characterization of ore minerals should be conducted to reduce the content of impurities such as Si, Al, Mg, and Ca in the concentrate. Based on this, subsequent cleaner stages can probably upgrade the vanadium concentrate.
참고문헌 (56)
- Ahmadi, A., "Bioleaching of copper, nickel and cobalt from the low grade sulfidic tailing of Golgohar Iron Mine, Iran", Hydrometallurgy, 154, pp.1~8 (2015)
- Anthony, J. W., "Handbook of Mineralogy II", pp.446~ (2003), Mineralogical Society of America
- Balan, E., "The oxidation state of vanadium in titanomagnetite from layered basic intrusions", American Mineralogist, 91, pp.953~956 (2006)
- Blundy, J., "Partitioning of trace elements between crystals and melts", Earth Planetary Science Letters, 3210, pp.383~397 (2003)
- Breit, G. N., "Vanadium accumulation in carbonaceous rocks : A review of geochemical controls during deposition and diagenesis", Chemical Geology, 91, pp.83~97 (1991)
- Bryan, C. B., "Mobilisation of metals in mineral tailings at the abandoned São Domingos copper mine(Portugal)by indigenous acidophilic bacteria", Hydrometallurgy, 83, pp.184~194 (2006)
- Cawthorn, R. G., "The Geology, Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum-Group Elements Special Vol. 54", pp.389~429 (2002), Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
- Chernikov, A. A., "New data on vanadium hematite associated with micro-and nanocrystals of noble metals, copper, zinc, and iron minerals", New Data on Minerals, M, 40, pp.65~71 (2005)
- Clark, A. M., "Hey’s Mineral Index", pp.848~ (1993), Chapman and Hall
- Dahlkamp, F. J., "Uranium deposits of the world—USA and Latin America", pp.423~ (2010), Springer-Verlag
- Dvoryankina, G. G., "The electron diffraction pattern investigation of Fe3O4", Journal of Applied Physics, 33, pp.1210~1211 (1962)
- Eales H. V., "Layered Intrusions", pp.181~232 (1996), Elsevier
- Falagán, C., "New approaches for extracting and recovering metals from mine tailings", Minerals Engineering, 106, pp.71~78 (2017)
- Vanadium resources in titaniferous magnetite deposits, "Fischer, R. P.", United States Geological Survey, ~ (1975)
- Gaines, R. V., "Dana’s New Mineralogy", pp.1819~ (1997), John Wiley & Sons, Inc
- Goldschmidt, V., "The principles of distribution of chemical elements in minerals and rocks. The seventh Hugo Müller Lecture, delivered before the Chemical Society", Journal of the Chemical Society, 74, pp.655~673 (1937)
- Grammatikopoulos, T., "Vanadium-bearing magnetite and ilmenite mineralization and beneficiation from the Sinarsuk V-Ti project, West Greenland", CIM Bulletin, 95, pp.87~95 (2002)
- Guo, X., "Influence of different comminution flowsheets on the separation of vanadium titano-magnetite", Minerals Engineering, 149, pp.106268~ (2020)
- Habteselassie, M. M., "Vanadium in manetite gabbros and its behaviour during lateritic weathering, Windimurra Complex, Western Australia", Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 43, pp.555~566 (1996)
- Huang, J-H., "Vanadium : global(bio)geochemistry", Chemical Geology, 417, pp.68~89 (2015)
- Vanadium-Critical Mineral Resources of the United States-Economic and Enrivonmental Geology and Prospects for Future Supply, "Kelley, K. D.", USGS, 48~, pp.Professional Paper 1802-U (2005)
- 김현태, "4차산업혁명 시대 자원개발 산업의 디지털 전환 기술개발 동향", 한국자원공학회지, 56(5), pp.514~528 (2019), 한국자원공학회
- Kim, K. H., "Ore genesis of the Yonchon titaniferous iron ore deposits, South Korea", Economy and Environmental Geology, 27, pp.117~130 (1994)
- 김성민, "바나듐 자원의 자립 확보를 위한 선별기술 및 동향", 한국자원공학회지, 56(3), pp.292~302 (2019), 한국자원공학회
- Klein, C., "The 23rd Edition of the Manual of Mineral Science", pp.675~ (2007), John Wiley & Sons, Inc
- Krivolutskaya, N. A., "Olivine of igneous rocks", Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 81, pp.1302~1314 (2011)
- Lee, C. T. A., "Vanadium in peridotites as a proxy for paleo-fO2 during particla melting prospects, limitations, and implications", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 67, pp.3045~3064 (2003)
- 이수정, "광물자원으로부터 금속을 회수하는 공정에서 공정광물학의 역할", 한국자원공학회지, 56(5), pp.548~560 (2019), 한국자원공학회
- Liu, C., "Analysis and visualization of vanadium mineral diversity and distribution", American Mineralogist, 103, pp.1080~1086 (2018)
- Liu, L., "Vanadium and niobium behavior in rutile as a function of oxygen fugacity : evidence from natural samples", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 164, pp.1026~ (2014)
- Lottermoser, B. G., "Recycling, reuse and rehabilitation of mine wastes", Elements, 7, pp.405~410 (2011)
- Lv, C., "Upgrading of raw vanadium titanomagnetite concentrate", Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 119, pp.957~961 (2019)
- Mehdilo, A., "Applied mineralogical characterization of ilmenite from Kahnuj placer deposit, Southern Iran", Periodico di Mineralogia, 84, pp.289~302 (2015)
- Meunier, J. D., "The composition and origin of vanadiumrich clay minerals in Colorado Plateau Jurassic sandstones", Clays and Clay Minerals, 42, pp.391~401 (1994)
- Composition of the Earth’s crust and distribution of the elements. Review of research on modern problems in Geochemistry, "Mielke, J. E.", UNESCO, 13~378 (1979)
- Momma, K., "VESTA 3 for three-dimensional visualization of crystal, volumetric and morphology data", Journal of Applied Crystallography, 44, pp.1272~1276 (2011)
- Moon, H-S., "Earth Material Science", pp.558~ (2001), Sigmapress
- Moon, H-S., "Clay Mineralogy", pp.649~ (1996), Minumsa Publishing Co., Ltd
- Moskalyk, R. R., "Processing of vanadium : a review", Mineralogical Engineering, 16, pp.793~805 (2003)
- Naldrett, A. J., "Secular variation of magmatic sulfide deposits and their source magmas", Economic Geology, 105, pp.669~688 (2010)
- Park, K. H., "Extraction of vanadium from the metamorphic black schists in the Okchen Basin by NaCl roasting", Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, 29, pp.310~315 (1992)
- Peacor, D. R., "Authigenic illite and organic matter : The principal hosts of vanadium in the Mecca Quarry Shale at Velpen, Indiana", Clays and Clay Minerals, 48, pp.311~316 (2000)
- Reimann, C., "Chemical Elements in the Environment: Factsheets for the Geochemist and Environmental Scientist", pp.398~ (1998), Springer-Verlag
- Rohmann, B., "Vanadium in South Africa", Journal of the South African Institute of Mine and Metallurgy, 85, pp.141~150 (1985)
- Rudnick, R. L., "Treatise on Geochemistry", pp.1~64 (2005), Elsevier-Pergamon
- Schuiling, R. D., "Geochemical behaviour of vanadium in iron-titanium oxides", Chemical Geology, 30, pp.143~150 (1980)
- Critical Mineral Resources of the United States:Economic and Environmental Geology and Prospects for Future Supply, "Schulz, K. J.", USGS, ~, pp.USGS Professional Paper 1802 (2018)
- Shearer, C. K., "Valence state partitioning of vanadium between olivine-liquid : estimates of the oxygen fugacity of Y980459 and application to otherolivine-phyric martial basalts", American Mineralogist, 91, pp.1565~1573 (2006)
- Taylor, M. J. C., "Spectrophotometric determination of vanadium(IV)and vanadium(V)in each other’s presence", Review. Analyst, 119, pp.1263~1276 (1994)
- Taylor, P. R., "Extractive metallurgy of vanadium-containing titaniferous magnetite ores : a review", Minerals & Metallurgical Processing, 23, pp.80~86 (2006)
- Xu, C., "Characterization and pre-concentration of low-grade vanadium-titanium magnetite ore", Minerals, 7, pp.137~ (2017)
- Zhang, A. Y., "The Geochemistry of Marine Black Shale Formation and its Metallogenic Significance", pp.240~ (1987), Scientific Publishing House
- Zhang, Y., "The occurrence state of vanadium in the black shale-hosted vanadium deposits in Shangling of Guangxii Province, China", Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 34, pp.484~497 (2015)
- Zhao, Y., "Pre-concentration of vanadium from stone coal by gravity separation", International Journal of Mineral Processing, 121, pp.1~5 (2013)
- Zhou, M-F., "Geochemistry, Petrogenesis and Metallogenesis of the Panzhihua Gabbroic Layered Intrusion and Associated Fe–Ti–V Oxide Deposits, Sichuan Province, SW China", Journal of. Petrology, 46, pp.2253~2280 (2005)
- Magmatic Ore Deposits in Layered Intrusions—Descriptive Model for Reef-Type PGE and Contact-Type Cu-Ni-PGE Deposits, "Zientek, M. L.", U.S. Geological Survey, 48~, pp.U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1010 (2012)
