동적하중을 받는 구조물의 응답거동 특성에 대한 수치해석적 고찰
Numerical Analysis of Structural Response under Dynamic Load
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발파작업으로부터 발생하는 지반진동은 인접한 건물이나 시설물에 피해를 미칠 수 있다. 발파를 이용한 구조물 해체의 경우, 지반진동은 발파에 의한 진동과 파괴된 부재가 낙하하여 지반에 충격을 가함으로써 발생하는 진동으로 나타난다. 현장에서 계측된 파형은 발파에 의한 초기 진동 파형에 이어서, 파괴된 부재의 낙하 충격에 의한 진동 파형으로 구분되어 나타남을 보여준다. 두 파형은 주파수 특성과 진동 지속시간 면에서 특히 다르게 나타나며 이러한 차이로 인하여 인접한 구조물에 영향 정도가 달라질 수 있다. 본 논문은 발파해체시 발생하는 지반진동에 대한 구조물의 응답 특성을 이해하기 위해 수치해석적 방법으로 고찰하였다. 두 가지 형태의 RC 골조 모델과 고층 및 저층 건물에 대한 수치해석 결과, 구조물의 응답 특성은 구조물 형태 및 외부진동의 주파수 특성에 따라 달리 나타남을 보여주었다.
Abstract
Blast-induced ground vibrations may cause an environmental impact such as damage on adjacent structures and facilities. Ground vibrations occurred in explosive demolition of structures are induced by ground impact of disintegrated mass concrete, as well as by explosive blasting. The waveform record from explosive demolition is divided distinctly into early part of blast-induced vibration and later part of impact-induced one. The two wave patterns show very different characteristics in frequency contents and duration of ground vibration, which may have different effects on adjacent structure. In this paper, several examples are investigated numerically to provide sound understandings of structural responses to the demolition-induced ground motions. Two reinforced concrete frames are analyzed by using step-by-step procedure. Their responses are summarized in terms of floor velocity envelopes. The response characteristics between high-rise and low-rise building were also investigated. It is shown that the responses are quite different depending on the structure type and on the frequencies of the ground vibration.
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