물리검층자료를 활용한 딥러닝 기반 수포화도 예측
Prediction of Water Saturation from Well Log Data using Deep Learning Algorithms
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초록
이 연구는 다양한 물리검층자료를 학습한 딥러닝 알고리듬을 이용하여 저류층의 수포화도를 예측하는 대리 모델을 구축한다. 딥러닝 알고리듬으로 계산한 수포화도 추정치를 Archie 방정식 결과와비교함으로써 개발 모델의 성능 평가를 수행하였다. 이 연구는 4가지 물리검층자료(밀도, 공극률, 비저항, 감마선)를 심층신경망의 입력인자로 활용하여 수포화도를 평가하였다, 심층신경망 기법으로는 장단기메모리학습법을 사용하였으며 전형적인 다층 인공신경망과의 비교를 통해 성능을확인하였다. 장단기메모리학습법을 기반으로 수포화도를 예측한 결과, 결정계수의 값이 0.7 이상으로 우수한 성능을 보이는 것으로 확인하였다. 모델의 민감도 분석으로는 시퀀스 조정, 유정 역할전환, k-폴드 교차검증을 시행하였다. 모델의 적용 가능성은 북해 Volve 유전과 베트남 해상 유전에적용하여 성능을 검증하였다.
Abstract
This study develops a surrogate model to predict water saturation from well log data using neural-network-based deep learning algorithms. The model performance is evaluated by comparing the water saturation estimates obtained using deep learning algorithms and Archie’s law. The surrogate model evaluates the water saturation of a target reservoir using four well-log data types (density, porosity, resistivity, and gamma ray). Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is employed as the deep neural network algorithm, and its performance is compared with that of a multi-layer artificial neural network. Prediction via the LSTM based model showed outstanding results with the coefficient of determination above 0.7. Sensitivity analysis is conducted through sequence tuning, switching of well type, and k-fold cross-validation. The applicability of the model has been validated for the Volve oilfield in the North Sea and an offshore oilfield in Vietnam.
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