Hearing Screening Alternative Using a Website-Based Application
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Background and Objectives: Indonesians encounter several barriers to regular functional hearing assessment. Hearing loss screening is only provided by tertiary-care hospitals that are not reachable by people in remote regions. This study aimed to develop a website-based hearing screening application that is accessible and inexpensive.Subjects andMethods: This comparative study was conducted between July and August 2022 in the Otolaryngology Clinic of Muhammadiyah Bandung Hospital with noise levels below 50 dB. The hearing screening was conducted using a website-based application (www.Screenout.id) and audiogram as the gold standard method. On ScreenOut, patients heard sounds with frequencies at 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, and 8,000 Hz and sound intensity of each frequency at 35, 55, and 75 dB using earphones.Results: A total of 133 participants were enrolled in our study. ScreenOut showed high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (90.9%, 98.9%, 93.6%, 99.4%, and 84.8%, respectively). Regarding hearing threshold, a very strong correlation was found between ScreenOut and audiogram, ranging between r=0.843 and r=0.899. Aside from that, there was no significant difference in hearing threshold values between ScreenOut and audiogram.Conclusions: Many advantages of the ScreenOut were found, including low-cost, accessibility, and easy-to-use interface, making it favorably used in low–middle-income countries such as Indonesia.
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Indonesians encounter several barriers to regular functional hearing assessment. Hearing loss screening is only provided by tertiary-care hospitals that are not reachable by people in remote regions. This study aimed to develop a website-based hearing screening application that is accessible and inexpensive.Subjects andMethods: This comparative study was conducted between July and August 2022 in the Otolaryngology Clinic of Muhammadiyah Bandung Hospital with noise levels below 50 dB. The hearing screening was conducted using a website-based application (www.Screenout.id) and audiogram as the gold standard method. On ScreenOut, patients heard sounds with frequencies at 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, and 8,000 Hz and sound intensity of each frequency at 35, 55, and 75 dB using earphones.Results: A total of 133 participants were enrolled in our study. ScreenOut showed high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (90.9%, 98.9%, 93.6%, 99.4%, and 84.8%, respectively). Regarding hearing threshold, a very strong correlation was found between ScreenOut and audiogram, ranging between r=0.843 and r=0.899. Aside from that, there was no significant difference in hearing threshold values between ScreenOut and audiogram.Conclusions: Many advantages of the ScreenOut were found, including low-cost, accessibility, and easy-to-use interface, making it favorably used in low–middle-income countries such as Indonesia.
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