경제성장과 정치발전에 대한 중국 엘리트의 인식
Chinese Elite’s Perception of Economic Growth and Political Development
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초록
본 연구는 중국의 경제성장과 정치발전에 대한 인식을 분석하고 있다. 여기서 중국이란 정계와 학계 등 엘리트를 지칭하는 것이다. 본 연구는 특히 중국 지식인을 대상으로 한 현지 조사를 수행했다. 분석결과, 중국은 경제성장에 대해 절대와 상대적 잣대를 동시에 사용하고 있다. 특히 중국적 특수성을 강조하려할 때에 상대적 잣대 예를 들면 1인당 GDP의 국제적 순위 등을 사용하고 있다. 또 민주주의에 대해서는 계급적 측면을 강조하는 것에서 보편적 측면을 강조하는 것으로 인식상의 변화를 보이고 있다. 동시에 제도화 우선의 정치 발전에 대한 인식을 보이고 있다. 마지막으로 경제성장과 민주주의에 대해 대기론/단계론적 인식을 가지고 있는 것으로 드러났다. 즉 중국 경제가 민주주의를 추진할 만큼 충분히 발전하지 못했기 때문에 경제성장에 더욱 집중해야 한다. 동시에 이 단계에서는 민주화보다는 제도화에 더욱 집중해야 한다는 것이다.
Abstract
The aim of this research is to analyze China’s understanding about economic growth and political development. China means elites those include politicians and scholars in this article. It conducted field research for Chinese intellectuals. As a result, China uses not only relative standard but also absolute one in evaluating economic growth. Specially, China usually uses the relative standard, for example, the international rank of per capita GDP, in stressing the uniqueness of her situation. China shows the change from class oriented understanding to universal one in understanding about democracy. Also she has the precedence of institutionalization stance about political development. Lastly, China have the standby/step oriented understanding about relation economic growth and democracy. Namely, this means that Chinese economic growth does not enough to progress a full fledged democratization. So China must concentrate on the institutionalization in this stage.
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