성찬으로서의 세례 : 조반니 벨리니의 <그리스도의 세례>
Baptism as Eucharist : Giovanni Bellini ‘s The Baptism of Christ
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본 연구는 조반니 벨리니(Giovanni Bellini)가 비센챠(Vicenza)의 영주 가르자도리(GianBattista Graziano Garzadori)의 가족 무덤 교회의 제단화로 제작한 <그리스도의 세례the Baptism of Christ>의 의례적 기능을 Sacramentum과 Mysterium으로 나누어 설명한다. 필자는 작품에 등장하는 의례상징의 모티브를 (1)빛과 함께 등장한 성부 (2)침수로 보이는 일루젼, (3)가슴에 두 손을 모은 자세로 나누어 그의 <그리스도의 세례>가 내러티브를 넘어선 죽음, 세례, 성찬의 의미가 중첩된 의례의 스펙트럼임을 주장한다.
Abstract
This paper analyzes the ritual function of The Baptism of Christ, an altarpiece of Santa Corona which was made by Giovanni Bellini upon an order from the Lord GianBattista Graziano Garzadori of Vicenza. I discuss its ritual function largely in two components: Sacramentum and Mysterium. The theme of Christ's Baptism was first presented in the Catacomb in the early 3rd century, and continued to decorate Baptisteries and Fontsthen and regularly appeared in altarpieces since the Quattrocento. Bellini used as ritual symbols the following three elements: (1) The image of God the Father with light; (2) The illusion of immersion; (3) The posture of crossing the hands on the chest which recalls the image of a mummy. Light symbolizes the Holy Spirit, and the Holy Spirit during a baptism transforms the baptised. The Holy Spirit also changes the bread and wine into the Body and Blood of Christ during the Eucharist. Water is used for purification in the baptism and the Eucharist. The body of Jesus Christ crossing his hands on the chest symbolizes sacrificial lamb of Pascha. Therefore, The Baptism of Christ made as the altarpiece of the Church of Sepulchre does not simply illustrate the life of Christ but expresses a variety of rituals of death, baptism and Eucharist.
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