전고체 리튬이온전지용 실리콘 및 주석 음극 소재의 연구 동향
A Review on Recent Progress of Si- and Sn-Based Anodes for All-Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries
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All-solid-state Li-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) have emerged as promising next-generation energy storage systems owing to their superior safety, thermal stability, and potential for high energy density. To realize these advantages, the development of high-capacity and stable anode materials is crucial. Graphite anodes, commonly used in con- ventional Li-ion batteries (LIBs), exhibit a low theoretical capacity of 372 mAh g⁻¹, limiting the overall energy den- sity of ASSLIBs. In contrast, Li metal anodes offer a much higher capacity (3,860 mAh g⁻¹) but face challenges such as dendrite growth and interfacial instability. Alloy-based anodes, including Si and Sn, have gained attention because of their abundance, high theoretical capacities (3,579 and 994 mAh g⁻¹, respectively), and moderate oper- ating potentials (0.4 V and 0.5 V vs. Li⁺/Li). Nevertheless, their practical application remains difficult due to severe volume fluctuations during lithiation and delithiation, leading to mechanical failure and interfacial contact loss. To overcome these limitations, diverse strategies—such as structural optimization, interfacial engineering, composite design, prelithiation, and compound modification—have been proposed to enhance the stability and performance of Si- and Sn-based anodes. This review summarizes recent progress and improvement strategies, offering insights for the future development and practical implementation of ASSLIB technologies.
Abstract
All-solid-state Li-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) have emerged as promising next-generation energy storage systems owing to their superior safety, thermal stability, and potential for high energy density. To realize these advantages, the development of high-capacity and stable anode materials is crucial. Graphite anodes, commonly used in con- ventional Li-ion batteries (LIBs), exhibit a low theoretical capacity of 372 mAh g⁻¹, limiting the overall energy den- sity of ASSLIBs. In contrast, Li metal anodes offer a much higher capacity (3,860 mAh g⁻¹) but face challenges such as dendrite growth and interfacial instability. Alloy-based anodes, including Si and Sn, have gained attention because of their abundance, high theoretical capacities (3,579 and 994 mAh g⁻¹, respectively), and moderate oper- ating potentials (0.4 V and 0.5 V vs. Li⁺/Li). Nevertheless, their practical application remains difficult due to severe volume fluctuations during lithiation and delithiation, leading to mechanical failure and interfacial contact loss. To overcome these limitations, diverse strategies—such as structural optimization, interfacial engineering, composite design, prelithiation, and compound modification—have been proposed to enhance the stability and performance of Si- and Sn-based anodes. This review summarizes recent progress and improvement strategies, offering insights for the future development and practical implementation of ASSLIB technologies.