초·중등학교 교사학습공동체의 측정모형 및 수준 분석
Analysis on the Measurement Model and the Level of Professional Learning Community in Elementary and Secondary Schools
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초록
본 연구는 교사학습공동체의 구성요소들을 추출하여 측정모형을 제시하고 측정모형의 타당성을 검증한 후, 검증된 모형을 활용하여 실제 우리나라 초․중등학교에서 교사학습공동체의 수준을 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 경기도 소재 초등학교 및 중등학교에 근무하고 있는 교사들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고 총 755명의 교사들이 응답한 설문지 자료가 최종적인 결과 분석에 사용되었다. 1단계 분석에서는 교사학습공동체 측정모형의 타당도를 검증하기 위해 고차 확인적 요인분석(Second-order Confirmatory Factor Analysis)을 실시하였고, 2단계에서는 교사들이 인식하는 교사학습공동체 수준을 파악하기 위해 구성요소와 학교급별로 교사학습공동체 수준이 차이가 있는지를 독립표본 T 검증을 통해 분석하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 교사학습공동체를 구성하는 요소들은 한국의 학교 맥락에서도 보편타당하게 적용될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 둘째, 우리나라 초·중등 교사들이 인식하는 학습공동체 수준은 미흡한 수준으로 나타났으며, 특히 교사학습공동체의 지원 환경과 교사 협력의 수준이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 교사학습공동체 형성을 위한 지원 환경(협력할 수 있는 시간 마련, 전문성 개발을 위한 재정적 지원, 의사공유 시스템 마련 등)에 대한 정책적 지원이 필요함을 시사한다. 셋째, 초등보다 중등학교에서 교사학습공동체 수준이 더 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. 이러한 연구결과에 비추어 볼 때, 우리나라 중등학교에 새로운 시도를 존중하고 신뢰하는 문화, 교사들의 우수한 성과를 인정하고 축하해주는 문화적 풍토 조성이 교사학습공동체 강화를 위해 필요함을 시사한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the measurement model and the level of professional learning community(PLC) in elementary and secondary schools. Drawn from a body of literature on PLC, this study identifies 6 factors constructing PLC as follows: (1) shard leadership, (2) shard values and vision, (3) teacher collaboration, (4) focus on student learning, (5) inquiry based culture, and (6) supportive environment. The sample for this study comprised 755 elementary and secondary teachers. Data was gathered via a questionnaire. Results, based on Second-order Confirmatory Factor Analysis, confirmed that PLC can be constructed by 6 factors. Another results, based on independent samples t-test, indicated that there are significant mean differences of 6 factors in elementary and secondary teachers. Moreover, Korean schools showed low level of PLC. In particular, supportive environment and teacher collaboration were the lowest level among 6 factors. Thus, this study suggests that policy-makers, administrators, and teachers should pay attention to the importance of PLC to change teachers' instructional practices and discuss educational implications.
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