공간가격균형에 따른 물류경로의 Cournot-Nash경쟁모델
Cournot-Nash Competition Model of Logistic Chains based on a Spatial Price Equilibrium
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본 연구는 물류경로간 경쟁을 공간가격균형의 형식에 따라 구성한 게임이론적인 모델의 개발을 다루었다. 모델은 지역별 상품의 공급가격과 소비가격, 지역별 상품의 공급량과 소비량 그리고 물류경로로 구분되는 지역 간 물동량 등의 균형 해를 찾고자 하였다. O-D분석을 위한 모델이나 구간변수만을 가진 공급사슬균형 모델들은 환적․저장․경유 지점이나 복합운송 등의 물류요소들을 대부분 누락하고 있다. 본 연구에서 사용한 물류경로는 운송수단과 경유지점 들의 조합으로 구성되었다. 지역별 공급량과 수요량 그리고 P-C(production-consumption) 두 지역을 연결하는 물류경로상의 물동량들의 균형 해가 Cournot-Nash 게임 이론적 접근방법에 의해 얻어졌다. 변분부등식과 혼합상보성문제를 이용하여 물류경로간 경쟁에서 비협력적이고 반복적인 의사결정과정을 체계적으로 공식화하였다. 물류경로간 경쟁모델의 유효성과 역량을 실증하기 위해서 수치를 이용한 사례가 제시되었다.
Abstract
This study is concerned with developing the game theoretical model of logistic channels competition based on spatial price equilibrium. The model seeks the equilibrium of the regional prices of commodities and the resulting regional supplies and demands and interregional flows of logistic chains. O-D(origin-destination) analysis and spatial price equilibrium model with arc variable formulation are lacking logistics elements such as transshipment nodes, intermodal transport. Logistics chain consists of a series of mode and transshipment node. The equilibrium of the regional supplies and demands and interregional freight flows on the logistics chain connecting P-C(production-consumption) pairs are derived by the Cournot-Nash game theoretical approach. Using variational inequality and mixed complementarity problem, noncooperative and iterative decision making processes among logistic chain competition are formulated. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the validity and capability of the model.
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