여수 금오도 연안에서 저층트롤에 어획되는 어류의 종조성 및 년변동
Fluctuation in abundance and species composition of fishes by bottom otter trawl in coastal waters of Geumodo, Yeosu
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초록
여수 금오도 연안에서 2002년 2월부터 2005년 11월까지 월별로 총 16회에 걸쳐 저층 트롤 어구를 사용하여, 어류를 채집하여 종조성과 군집구조 변화를 연구하였다. 2002년부터 2005년까지 소형 기선저인망에 의하여 채집된 어류는 총 12목 41과 72종으로, 출현한 개체수는 5,999개체, 생체량은 287,902.1g이 채집되었다. 그 중 농어목 어류가 19과 31종으로 전체 출현종수의 43.1%로 가장 많이 출현하였다. 조사기간 동안 출현어종의 우점종은 출현 개체수 중 주둥치가 638개체 출현하여 전 개체수의 10.6%를 차지하여 가장 우점하였고, 다음으로 전어가 465개체로 7.8%, 멸치는 449개체로 7.5%를 차지하였다. 생체량은 조피볼락이 33,258.7g으로 생체량의 11.6%를 차지하여 가장 우점하였고, 아가씨물메기가 18,821.1g으로 6.5%, 전어는 16,708.0g으로 5.8%를 차지하였다. 연도별 종 다양도지수(H')는 2.860～3.639로 2002년에 가장 낮은 값을 나타냈고, 2004년에 가장 높은 값을 나타냈다. 균등도지수는 0.825～0.887로 2005년에 가장 낮았고, 2003년에 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 우점도지수는 0.224～0.268로 2004년도에 가장 낮았고, 2002년에 가장 높은 값을 나타났다. 유사도를 보면, 2004년과 2005년에서 상대거리 차가 0.006로 가장 작아 군집상이 매우 유사하였다. 이와 같이 금오도 연안의 어류 종조성과 년도별 특성을 고려할 때, 상업종과 더불어 비상업종들이 많이 서식하는 금오도 주변 연안 어장을 자원보호육성을 위해 수산자원보호구역으로 선정하여 자원 보호에 기여하여야 될 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
A species composition and population structure of fish, collected 16 times by bottom otter trawl in the coast of Geumo Island, from February 2002 to November 2005, was investigated. The fish species caught by bottom otter trawl from year 2002 to 2005 was entirely 72 species, 41 classes, and 12 orders, and the number of appearance and biomass was 5,999 individuals and 287,902.1g, respectively, being of the Perciformes(31 species and 19 classes; 43.1% in total number of species appeared) as a dominant species. 638 individuals of Leiognathus nuchalis which was 10.6% in total fish were appeared and 465 individuals of Konosirus punctatus(7.8%), 449 individuals of Engraulis japonicus(7.8%). biomass of Sebastes schlegeli was 33,258.7g as a dominant species(11.6% in total fish appeared) and 18,821.1g of Liparis agassizii (6.5%), 16,708.0g of Konosirus punctatus(5.8%). The diversity index of species per months of the collected by a small otter trawl in coastal water of Geumodo from year 2002 to 2005 was 2.860-3.639 and the evenness index was 0.825-0.887 in case of dominance index was 0.224-0.268 against the evenness index. The similarity of community structure per yearly was very high because of the relative difference(0.006), which was the least in 2004 and 2005.
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