금오도-안도 협수로 해역의 조류 및 조석잔차류 특성
Characteristics of tidal current and tidal induced residual current in the channel between Geumo Island and An Island in the southern waters of Korea
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금오도-안도 협수로 주변해역의 조류 및 조석 잔차류 분포와 지형성 와류, 조석잔차 환류의 생성과정 등을 수치모델실험과 vorticity balance(와도 평형) 분석을 통해 파악하였다. 조류는 금오도-안도 협수로를 따라 창조시 남서류, 낙조시 북동류하는 전형적 왕복성 조류형태로, 최강유속은 소, 대조시 약 100-150 cm/s 였다. 소조기 창조류시 소부도 서쪽과 대부도 남서 해역에 시계방향의 소형 와류가 형성되고, 대조시는 금오도 남쪽해역에 보다 성장한 소규모 와류가 형성되었다. 소조기 낙조류시도 금오도 북동 초삼도 서쪽 해역의 와류가 대조시 초담도 북동 해역에 좀 더 성장한 지형성 와류로 나타났다. 창, 낙조류에 의한 조류타원은 대체로 왕복성으로 금오도-안도 협수로에서는 직선 형태였다. 이러한 지형성와류들은 조류가 금오도-안도 협수로 통과 시 해안마찰로 인한 와도성분에 의해 발생하며, 협수로 끝단에 운반되어 집적되고 규모가 성장하여 만들어진다. 조류가 강해지면 지형성와류는 바깥 외해로 이동, 정착, 확산되며 주변지형에 따른 반시계 또는 시계방향 조석 잔차환류로 성장한다. 모델실험에 의한 금오도-안도 주변의 조석잔차 환류는 대, 소조시 금오도-안도 수로 중앙부에 반시계방향, 수로 북동 끝단-안도 북서 내만 해역에 시계방향, 대부도-안도 사이에 시계와 반시계방향 소형 환류가 존재하고, 그 유속크기는 최대 20-30cm/s 였다. 향후, 금오도-안도 협수로 주변 해수의 상호작용(수렴, 발산)으로 인한 보다 상세한 조석 잔차환류의 변동과정 파악을 위한 실험연구가 필요하다.
Abstract
The distribution of tidal current and tidal induced residual current, topographical eddies and tidal residual circulation in the waters surrounding the Geumo Island-An Island channel were identified through numerical model experiments and vorticity balance analysis. Tidal current flows southwest at flood and northeast at ebb along the channel. The maximum flow velocity was about 100-150 cm/s in neap and spring tide. During the flood current in the neap tide, clockwise small eddies were formed in the waters west of Sobu Island and southwest of Daebu Island, and a more grown eddy was formed in the southern waters of Geumo Island in the spring tide. A small eddy that existed in the western waters of Chosam Island during the ebb in neap tide appeared to be a more grown topographical eddy in the northeastern waters of Chosam Island in spring tide. Tidal ellipses were generally reciprocating and were almost straight in the channel. These topographical eddies are made of vorticity caused by coastal friction when tidal flow passes through the channel. They gradually grow in size as they are transported and accumulated at the end of the channel. When the current becomes stronger, the topographic eddies move, settle, spread to the outer sea and grow as a counterclockwise or clockwise tidal residual circulation depending on the surrounding terrain. In the waters surrounding the channel, there were counterclockwise small tidal residual circulations in the central part of the channel, clockwise from the northeast end of the channel to northwest inner bay of An Island, and clockwise and counterclockwise between Daebu Island and An Island. The circulation flow rate was up to 20-30 cm/s. In the future, it is necessary to conduct an experimental study to understand the growth process of the tidal residual circulation in more detail due to the convergence and divergence of seawater around the channel.
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