e-Learning 기반 협력학습을 위한 에이전트의 역할과 속성, 그리고 에이전트 시스템 설계 탐색
The Roles and Entities of Agent for e-Learning-Based Collaborative Learning and Its Design Implications
0
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
e-Learning을 통한 협력학습의 환경은 매우 역동적이며 수없이 많은 학습자 프로파일, 학습행위, 학습결과 등의 데이터와 정보가 생성, 교환, 보관, 검색되는 속성을 지닌다. 이런 속성 때문에, e-Learning 기반에서 효율적이고 원활한 협력학습을 기대하기 위해서는 ‘지능형 소프트웨어 에이전트 기반 접근법’의 필요성이 부각되고 있다. 본 연구는 문헌분석을 통해 지능형 에이전트의 개념과 속성, 협력학습을 지원할 수 있는 지능형 에이전트의 종류와 구조에 대한 분석 및 협력학습을 위한 에이전트 시스템 설계를 위한 시사점을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 연구결과, 협력학습을 위한 에이전트는 자율성, 적응성, 반응성, 협력성, 상호작용성, 이동성, 조정 등의 공통적 속성이 있음이 확인되었다. 또한, 최근에는 특히 ‘촉진자’의 역할에 초점을 둔 에이전트의 유형에 대한 논의가 증가하고 있는데, 기본적으로 협력학습 환경에서 촉진자 에이전트가 지녀야 할 속성은 ‘모니터링, ‘집단 역동성’, ‘명시(정리)’, 협력 과정의 ‘해체’, ‘행동 변화’로 간주된다. 결론적으로, e-Learning 기반 하에서 이루어지는 협력학습을 지원하는 에이전트 시스템을 설계 할 때는 재사용성, 상호교류, 호환성, 다중 에이전트, 이동 에이전트 시스템, 에니메이티드 에이전트 설계의 접근이 요구된다는 점이 제안되었다.
Abstract
e-Learning based collaborative learning environment is very dynamic so that numerous data and information which include learner profiles, learning behaviors, learning outcomes are emerged, exchanged, stored and used. This characteristic prominently reveals the needs for 'intelligent software agent based approach' or 'smart learning environment' in order to accomplish efficient and fluent e-learning based collaborative learning. The current study explores needs, kinds, characteristics, and structures of agents that can support collaborative activities in the e-Learning environment and proposes some implications for agent system design in e-Learning. It has been conducted through comprehensive literature review including collaborative learning, intelligent agent related books and academic articles. Agents implies autonomous, adaptive, reactive, cooperative, interactive, mobile natures. In recent days, discussions and research especially about agents focusing on 'facilitator' roles are increasing. Basically facilitators agents within collaborative learning environment need the characteristics such as 'monitoring', 'group dynamics', ‘clarification', 'direct manipulations', and 'change behavior. In addition, it suggested several implications for good designing of the collaborative agent system, even considering the mobile learning environment. Suggestions included the need for a design considering the following: reusability, interoperability, and interaction; MAS architecture; the mobile agent system; and the animated agent system.
참고문헌 (49)
- "에이전트 기반 교수-학습 시스템의 학습자 모델링", pp.156~164 (2000)
- "이동 에이전트를 활용한 웹기반 교수-학습시스템,한국정보교육학회논문지", 5(2), pp.223~236 (2001)
- "이동 에이전트를 이용한 협력적인 모니터링 에이전트의 설계 및 구현,한국정보교육학회논문지", 4(1), pp.24~31 (2000)
- "에이전트를 이용한 지능형 멀티미디어 교습 시스템 설계", pp.438~443 (1998)
- "이동 에이전트를 이용한 개별학습 시스템", pp.270~280 (1998)
- "협력학습 Workplace 및 Agent에 적용될 학습행위요소 연구" (2005), 한국전자통신연구원
- "인터넷을 활용한 가상수업에서의 교수-학습 활동 및 교육효과 연구", 14(2), pp.103~136 (1998)
- "웹 기반 문제해결학습 환경에서 소집단 협동학습전략이 온라인 토론의 참여도와 문제해결에 미치는 효과" (1999)
- "지능형 교수 시스템 개발을 위한 학습자 모델링 연구", 2(2), pp.51~62 (1999)
- "에이전트 기반 교수시스템의 설계", 2(1), pp.45~56 (1998)
- "프로그래밍언어 학습을 위한 Web기반 지능형 교수시스템의 개발", 6(1), pp.697~700 (1999)
- "On the logic of theory change Partial meet functions for contraction and revision Journal of Symbolic Logic", pp.510~530 (1985)
- "Intelligent tutoring systems for distributed learning,Designing distributed learning environments with intelligent software agents", pp.162~183 (2005), Information Science Publishing
- "Technology, open learning and distance education" (1995), Routledge.
- "The problem of implicit knowledge", 4(3), pp.144~151 (1987)
- "An intelligent tutoring system architecture based on knowledge representation and reasoning.", pp.736~743 (1999), IOS Press
- "School of Computer Science", auto(mous agents) (1991), Carnegie Mellon University
- "Knowledge management for agent-based tutoring systems", pp.146~161 (2005), Information Science Publishing
- "Intelligent agents supporting distributed collaborative learning", pp.33~66 (2005), Information Science Publishing
- "The impact of animated interface agents: A review of empirical research", 52(1), pp.1~22 (2000)
- "Contractual agent societies: Negotiated shared context and social control in open multi-agent systems. Workshop on Norms and Institutions in Multi-Agent Systems, Fourth International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems (Agents-2000)" (2000)
- "Communications of the ACM 37", pp.48~53 (1994)
- "On-line education:Perspectives on a new environment" (1990), Praeger Publishers
- "Collaborating in cyberspace:Using computer conferences as a group learning environment", 3(2), pp.119~130 (1993)
- "Collaborative way of knowing: Issues in facilitation" (2002)
- "Application of mobile agents in web-based student modelling" (2004), Massey University.
- "Conceptualizing intelligent agents for teaching and learning", 3, pp.28~34 (2002)
- "What has been going on in e-Learning of South Korea?", pp.4574~4579 (2004)
- "Increasing believability in animated pedagogical agents", pp.16~21 (1997)
- "Cosmo: A life-like animated pedagogical agent with didactic believability,Working notes of the IJCAI '97 Workshop on animated interface agents: Making them intelligent", pp.61~69 (1997)
- "Integrating agents web services into adaptive distributed learning environment", pp.184~217 (2005), Information Science Publishing
- "Intelligent software", 273(30) (1995)
- "Agents for information sharing and coordination: A history and some reflections", pp.109~143 (1997), AAAI Press
- "The learning Web: A system view and an agent-oriented model." (1995)
- "Software agents:An overview", 11(3), pp.1~40 (1996)
- "Foundations of distributed artificial intelligence" (1996), John Wiley & Sons.
- "Extracting expertise from experts Methods for knowledge acquisition", pp.152~168 (1987)
- "Object management group" (2001)
- "The case for social agency in computer-based teaching: Do students learn more deeply when they interact with animated pedagogical agents?", 19(2), pp.117~213 (2001)
- "An architecture for plug-in tutor agents", 7, pp.315~347 (1996)
- "Students and asynchronous conferencing: A quantitative investigation of equal participation." (1997)
- "A human collaborative online learning environment using intelligent agents.", pp.1~32 (2005), Information Science Publishing
- "Distance learning: From the intelligent tutor paradigm to a multi-agents architecture" (1998), Springer-Verlag
- "Identifying coordination agents for collaborative telelearning", 9, pp.275~299 (1998)
- "In ECAI Workshop on Agent Theories", pp.1~39 (1994)
- "Intelligent agents: Theory and practice", 10(2), pp.115~152 (1995)
- "Multiple knowledge sources in intelligent tutoring systems", pp.41~54 (1987)
- "Theoretical frontiers in building a machine tutor" (1987)
- "Intelligence in MAS-based distributed learning environments", pp.115~145 (2005), Information Science Publishing
