다이내믹 토픽 모델링에 기초한 2011-2020 학습분석학 연구 동향 분석
An application of dynamic topic modeling in analyzing research trends in learning analytics during 2011-2020
0
조회
0
다운로드
7
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 교육 분야에서 디지털 학습 환경 및 빅데이터 분석 방법의 확산으로 인해 최근 주목받고 있는 학습분석학의 연구 동향을 살펴보기 위해, 2011년부터 2020년까지 10년간 해외학술지에 발표된 논문 3,121편을 대상으로 주요 연구 경향 및 연구 주제의 종단적 변화를 전체적으로 조망하였다. 문헌고찰 방법으로는 토픽의 시계열적 변화 추이 분석이 가능한 다이내믹 토픽 모델링을 적용하였으며, 주요 연구 테마에 대한 서브토픽 모델링을 통해 소주제의 종단적 변화에 대해서도 고찰하였다. 본 연구 결과, 총 42개의 주요 테마가 도출되었으며, LMS, 학업성취, 학습활동, 머신러닝 등의 앵커워드와 관련된 주제가 여러 해에 걸쳐 꾸준히 연구된 것으로 나타났다. 최근에는 로그데이터를 바탕으로 머신러닝 기법을 이용한 학업성취 예측 분석 연구가 활발하게 연구되고 있으며, 데이터 분석 방법과 관련된 연구들이 양적으로 증가함과 동시에 방법론적으로 더욱 정교해지는 경향을 나타내고 있는 것이 특징이다. 사회연결망분석, 토론 포럼, 사회적 학습, 협동학습 등 사회적 연결과 소통을 기반으로 한 연구가 증가한 것도 협력적 문제해결력을 강조하는 최근 교육계의 흐름이 반영된 경향이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 도출된 테마들을 종합적으로 정리해보면, 데이터 분석과 관련된 기술적 측면을 다루는 테마가 많았으나, 이러한 방법론을 바탕으로 학습자의 인지적․정의적 학습성과를 높이기 위한 학습이론과 학습전략, 교수학습 설계 등 교육학적 초점의 연구도 비교적 균형 있게 다루어져 왔음을 볼 수 있다. 마지막으로, 본 연구 결과를 토대로 교육학적 시사점 및 연구의 제한점에 관해 논의하였다.
Abstract
Learning analytics has received growing attention in the past decade with the increased use of digital learning and the big data analysis in the field of education. To explore the research trends in learning analytics and the longitudinal changes in major research topics, this study reviewed 3,121 articles published in academic journals from 2011 to 2020. Dynamic topic modeling was employed to explore the longitudinal changes in the major research themes and sub-topic modeling was also applied to explore specific topics underlying the major research themes. A total of 42 major themes were extracted, and topics such as learning management system, academic achievement, learning activities, and machine learning were found to have been studied actively over the years. Recently, predictive analyses of academic achievement using machine learning techniques have increased, with more elaborate methodological advances. Growing tendency in research on social network analysis, discussion forums, social learning, and collaborative learning reflects the recent trend of education that emphasizes collaborative problem-solving skills in the digital learning environment. Overall, the majority of the learning analytics research focused on technical aspects and data analytic methods. However, pedagogical aspects such as learning theories and instructional strategies to enhance learners’ cognitive and affective learning outcomes were also emphasized along with the technical aspects in a balanced manner. Finally, educational implications and limitations of the study have been discussed.
참고문헌 (62)
- 박종순, "빅데이터 연구동향 분석: 토픽 모델링을 중심으로", (사)디지털산업정보학회 논문지, 15(1), pp.1~7 (2019), (사)디지털산업정보학회
- 신종호, "대학교육에서 학습분석 적용에 관한 탐색적 연구: 교수자의 관점을 중심으로", 교육공학연구, 31(2), pp.223~252 (2015), 한국교육공학회[DOI]
- 안미리, "해외 학습분석학(Learning Analytics) 연구에 대한 동향 분석: 실증 연구 중심으로", 교육정보미디어연구, 21(4), pp.601~643 (2015), 한국교육정보미디어학회[DOI]
- 안미리, "학습분석학 국내 문헌 고찰: 로그 데이터를 이용한 실증연구를 중심으로", 교육공학연구, 32(2), pp.253~291 (2016), 한국교육공학회[DOI]
- 우창우, "다이나믹 토픽 모델을 활용한 D(Data)ㆍN(Network)ㆍA(A.I) 중심의 연구동향 분석", 한국융합학회논문지, 11(9), pp.21~29 (2020), 한국융합학회[DOI]
- 윤승원, "교육과 학습에서 빅데이터" (2017), 커뮤니케이션북스
- 이대영, "LDA 토픽 모델링의 적정 토픽 수 결정 방법 탐색: 혼잡도와 조화평균법 활용을 중심으로", 교육평가연구, 34(1), pp.1~30 (2021), 한국교육평가학회
- 이지향, "학습분석학 맥락에서 이해관계자에 따른 연구동향 분석", 한국교육공학회 학술대회발표자료집, pp.201~214 (2019)
- 표준화 이슈리포트: 학습분석 기술 활용 가능성 및 전망, "조용상", 한국교육학술정보원, ~, pp.RM 2013-15 (2013)
- 조일현, "학습분석학의 이해" (2019), 박영 Story
- 최선영, "메타데이터를 활용한 1960∼2018 <한국언론학보> 논문 분석다이내믹 토픽 모델링(Dynamic Topic Modeling) 방법을 중심으로", 한국언론학보, 63(4), pp.7~42 (2019), 한국언론학회[DOI]
- Arnold, K. E., "Course signals at Purdue : Using learning analytics to increase student success", Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, pp.267~270 (2012)
- Arora, S., "Learning topic models-going beyond SVD", Fifty-third IEEE Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, pp.1~10 (2012)
- Avella, J., "Learning analytics methods, benefits, and challenges in higher education : A systematic literature review", Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 20(2), pp.1~17 (2016)
- Baker, R., "Data mining for education", International Encyclopedia of Education, 7, pp.112~118 (2010)
- Bhadury, A., "Scaling up dynamic topic models", Preceedings of WWW, pp.381~390 (2016)
- Banihashem, S. K., "Learning analytics : A systematic literature review", Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences, 9(2), pp.1~10 (2018)
- Blei, D. M., "Latent Dirichlet allocation", Journal of Machine Learning Research, 3, pp.993~1022 (2003)
- Blei, D. M., "Dynamic topic models", Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Machine Learning, pp.113~120 (2006), ACM
- Blei, D. M., "Probabilistic topic models", Communications of the ACM, 55(4), pp.77~84 (2012)
- Boell, S. K., "On being ‘systematic’ in literature reviews in IS", Journal of Information Technology, 30(2), pp.161~173 (2014)
- Chang, J., "Reading tea leaves: How humans interpret topic models", Advances in neural information processing systerms NIPS, pp.1~9 (2009)
- Cooper, H. M., "Scientific guidelines for conducting integrative research reviews", Review of Educational Research, 52(2), pp.291~302 (1982)
- Cooper, H. M., "Organizing knowledge syntheses : A taxonomy of literature reviews", Knowledge in Society, 1(1), pp.104~126 (1988)
- Cooper, A., "What is analytics? Definition and essential characteristics", CETIS Analytics Series, 1(5), pp.1~10 (2012)
- Dasgupta, S., "Interactive topic modeling with anchor words", ICML Workshop on Human in the Loop Learning (2019)
- Deng, Q., "Detecting information requirements for crisis communication from social media data : An interactive topic modeling approach", International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 50, pp.101692~ (2020)
- Dollinger, M., "Co-creation in higher education: towards a conceptual model", Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, pp.1~22 (2018)
- "Things you should know about analytics" (2010)[URL]
- Fagin, R., "Comparing top k lists", SIAM Journal of Discrete Mathematics, 17(1), pp.134~160 (2003)
- Feinerer, I., "Text Mining Infrastructure in R", Journal of Statistical Software, 25(5), pp.1~54 (2008)
- Fiaidhi, J., "The next step for learning analytics", IT Professional, 16(5), pp.4~8 (2014)
- Greene, D., "How many topics? Stability analysis for topic models", ECML PKDD 2014: Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases, pp.498~513 (2014)
- Grün, B., "topicmodels : An R Package for Fitting Topic Models", Journal of Statistical Software, 40(13), pp.1~30 (2011)
- Hu, Y., "Interactive topic modeling", Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp.248~257 (2011)
- Hu, Y., "Interactive topic modeling", Machine learning, 95(3), pp.423~469 (2014)
- "Legal, risk, and ethical aspects of analytics in higher education" (2012)[URL]
- Knight, S., "Epistemology, assessment, pedagogy : where learning meets analytics in the middle space", Journal of Learning Analytics, 1(2), pp.23~47 (2014)
- Kuhn, H. W., "Hungarian Method for the Assignment Problem", Naval Research Logistics Quaterly, 2, pp.83~97 (1955)
- Lee, L-K., "Learning analytics : current trends and innovative practices", Journal of Computers in Education, 7, pp.1~6 (2020)
- Lodge, J., "Learning Analytics in the Classroom: Translating Learning Analytics Research for Teachers" (2018), Routledge
- Tandem anchoring: A multiword anchor approach for interactive topic modeling, "Lund, J.", Association for Computational Linguistics, 896~905 (2017)
- Martin, P., "Latent Dirichlet Allocation in R", ~ (2012)
- Newton, M. A., "Approximate Bayesian inference with the weighted likelihood bootstrap", Journal of Royal Statistical Society B, 56, pp.3~48 (1994)
- Nikolenko, S. I., "Topic modelling for qualitative studies", Journal of Information Science, 43(1), pp.88~102 (2016)
- Okoli, C., "A guide to conducting a systematic literature review of information systems research", Sprouts: Working Papers on Information Systems, 10(26) (2010)
- Papamitsiou, Z., "Learning analytics and educational data mining in practice : A systematic literature review of empirical evidence", Educational Technology & Society, 17(4), pp.49~64 (2014)
- Paré, G., "Synthesizing information systems knowledge : A typology of literature reviews", Information & Management, 52(2), pp.183~199 (2015)
- Rewe, F., "What literature review is not : Diversity, boundaries and recommendations", European Journal of Information Systems, 23, pp.241~255 (2014)
- Romero, C., "Educational data mining and learning analytics: An updated survey", WIREs Data Mining & Knowledge Discovery, 2020, pp.e1355~ (2019)
- Schryen, G., "Theory of knowledge for literature reviews: An epistemological model, taxonomy and empirical analysis of IS literature", International Conference on Information Systems(ICIS) (2015)
- Scheffel, M., "Quality indicators for learning analytics", Educational Technology & Society, 17(4), pp.117~132 (2014)
- "Learning and academic analytics" (2011)[URL]
- Sievert, C., "LDAvis: A Method for Visualizing and Interpreting Topics", Association for Computational Linguistics Proceedings of the Workshop on Interactive Language Learning, Visualization, and Interfaces, pp.63~70 (2014)
- Silge, J., "tidytext: Text Mining and Analysis Using Tidy Data Principles in R", The Journal of Open Source Software, pp.1~3 (2016)
- Silge, J., "Text Mining with R" (2017), O’Reilly Media, Inc
- Tangherlini, T. R., "Trawling in the sea of the great unread : Sub-corpus topic modeling and humanities research", Poetics, 41(6), pp.725~749 (2013)
- Wallach, H. M., "Evaluation methods for topic models", Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Machine Learning, pp.1105~1112 (2009)
- Wong, B. T., "A review of learning analytics intervention in higher education(2011-2018)", Journal of Computers in Education, 7, pp.7~28 (2020)
- Wang, C., "Continuous Time Dynamic Topic Models", eprint arXiv : 1206, ~ (2012)
- "tidyr: Easily Tidy Data with ‘spread()’ and ‘gather()’ Functions. R package version 0.8.1" (2018)[URL]
- Zheng, W., "An exploration of pattern-based subtopic modeling for search result diversification", Proceedings of the 2011 Joint International Conference on Digital Libraries, pp.387~388 (2011)
