남해 중부해역 정치망어업 어획량 변동의 원인
Dominant causes on the catch fluctuation of a set net fishery in the mid-south sea of Korea
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2004년 3월부터 2011년 12월까지 여수 돌산연안의 정치망에 의한 일일판매기록을 이용하여 종조성 및 우점종의 어획량의 년 변동 및 월 변동을 분석하였다. 조사기간 동안 평균 어획량은 372톤이었으며, 2005년에 526톤으로 최대, 2009년에 272톤으로 최소 어획량을 보였다. 주요 우점종은 봄에는 멸치, 가을에는 삼치였으며, 삼치어획에 의해 지배되는 정치망 어획량은 봄보다 가을에 더 높게 나타났다. 어획량의 경년변동에 대한 환경요인들의 비교분석을 통해, 수온변화는 삼치의 어장으로의 가입특성에 영향을 주지만, 태풍효과는 분명하게 나타나지 않았다. 한편, 2009년에 발생한 노무라입깃해파리의 발생은 출현시기가 더 빨라지고 소멸 시기는 더 늦어지는(12월까지) 경향을 보이고 있다. 정치망 우점종의 어획이 주로 가을에 집중되어 있기 때문에 이러한 노무라입깃해파리의 발생 특성은 2009년에 가장 낮은 어획량을 보이게 되는 직접적인 원인이 되었다.
Abstract
The annual and monthly fluctuation in the species composition and the catch abundance of dominant species were analyzed using the daily sales slip catch data by a set net in the offshore waters off Dolsan Island in Yeosu from March 2004 to December 2011. Mean catch from 2004 to 2011 is 372M/T and the maximum and the minimum catch are 526 M/T in 2005 and 27 2M/T in 2009, respectively. The dominant species were Engraulis japonicus mainly in spring and Scomberomorous niphonius in Autumn and therefore the set net catch that is dominated by S. niphonius’s catch was much higher in autumn than in spring. Through comparative analyses for the environmental factors to the annual catch fluctuation, it is revealed that the water temperature variation affected the recruitment property of S. niphonius to the fishing ground but the effect of typhoon on the catch fluctuation was not distinct. Furthermore, the big blooming event of jellyfish, particularly Nemopilema nomurai, that occurred in 2009 showed a tendency of faster appearance and later extinction until December. The occurring characteristic of N. nomurai became a direct cause that brought about the lowest total catch in 2009 since the dominant species catch of the set net fishery was concentrated mostly in Autumn.
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