진해만 입구에 방류한 대구( Gadus macrocephalus )의 행동 분석
Behavioral analysis of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) released to the entrance of Jinhae Bay, Korea
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태평양 대구 (Gadus macrocephalus)에 대한 기초 자료를 얻기 위하여 동계에 진해만에서 태평양 대구의 행동을 조사하였다. 3개체의 자연산 태평양 대구 WC1~WC3 (전장 72.3±5.5 cm, 체중 3.03±0.38 kg)에 초음파 송신기를 부착시켰다. WC1은 수술법으로 체내 tagging하였으며, WC2 및 WC3는 소형 음향기록장치, 소형 데이터로거 및 자동탈락장치를 부착하기 위하여 체외 tagging하였다. 실험어의 이동 경로는 5시간 이상을 VR100 수신기 및 지향성 수파기를 사용하여 추적하였다. 음향송신기를 부착한 3개체의 실험어는 2015년 1월 10일~2015년 1월 24일 사이에 진해만 입구에서 한마리씩 바다 표면에서 방류하였다. WC1은 약 6시간동안 0.63 m/s의 평균 유영속도로 13.32 km 이동하였다. 평균 유영수심과 WC1의 이동경로상의 해저수심은 각각 7.2 m 및 32.9 m였다. WC2 및 WC3는 각각 5.1 및 5.3 시간동안 0.44 및 0.58 m/s의 평균 유영속도로 7.95 및 11.06 km 이동하였다. WC2 및 WC3의 유영수심은 각각 18.7 및 5.0 m, 이동경로상의 해저수심은 각각 34.4 및 29.8 m였다. 결론적으로 3개체의 자연산 태평양 대구는 공통적으로 만 바깥으로 이동했으며, 이동방향은 한반도의 동쪽을 향하였다.
Abstract
In order to investigate the behavioral characteristics of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) released at the entrance of Jinhae Bay, Korea, the direction and range of movement, swimming speed of the fish were measured with an acoustic telemetry techniques in winter, 2015. Three wild Pacific codes WC1 to WC3 (total length 66.0, 75.0, 76.0 cm; body weight 2.84, 2.79, 3.47 kg, respectively) were tagged with the acoustic transmitter. WC1 tagged with an acoustic transmitter internally by surgical method, WC2 and WC3, externally with the acoustic data logger and a micro data logger for recording audible sound waves including timer release unit. The movement routes of the tagged fish were measured more than five hours using VR100 receiver and a directional hydrophone. The directionality of the fish movement was tested by Rayleigh’s z-Test, the statistical analysis, and a statistical program SPSS. Three tagged fishes were individually released on the sea surface around the entrance to the Jinhae Bay on 10 to 24 January 2015. WC1 moved about 13.32 km with average swimming speed of 0.63 m/s for six hours. The average swimming depth and water depth of the seabed on the route of WC1 were 7.2 and 32.9 m, respectively. The movement range of WC2 and WC3 were 7.95 and 11.06 km, approximately, with average swimming speed of 0.44 and 0.58 m/s for 5.1 and 5.3 hours, respectively. The average swimming depth of WC2 and WC3 were 18.7 and 5.0 m, and the water depth on the route, 34.4 and 29.8 m, respectively. Three fishes WC1 to WC3 were shown significant directionality in the movement (p < 0.05). Movement mean angles of WC1 to WC3 were 77.7, 76.3 and 88.1°, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the movement direction of fish (WC1 and WC2) and the tidal currents during the experimental period (p >= 0.05). Consequently, three tagged fishes were commonly moved toward outside of the entrance and headed for eastward of the Korean Peninsula, approximately, after release. It may estimate positively that the tidal current speed may affect to the swimming speed of the Pacific cod during the spring tide than the neap tide.
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