제주도 남부 사계리 연안에서 삼중자망으로 어획된 어류군집 변화
A variation of fish assemblage by trammel net in the coastal waters of Sagye-ri, southern Jeju Island
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제주도 남부 사계리 연안에서 서식하는 어류의 군집구조와 계절적 변동을 파악하기 위해 2012년부터 2022년까지 삼중자망을 이용하여 어획물 종조성 및 계절변화를 분석하였다. 수온은 2012년 대비 2022년에 0.8℃ 상승하였다. 조사기간 동안 총 12목 46과 88종이 어획되었으며 쏨뱅이목 (5과 22종), 농어목 (22과 48종) 어종이 전체 어획종의 61%를 차지하고 있었다. 시기별 어획종수는 고수온기인 8월에 67종으로 가장 많이 어획되었고, 저수온기인 2월과 11월에 47종으로 가장 적게 어획되었다. 시기별 어획 개체수와 생체량은 8월에 1,134개체, 269.2kg으로 가장 높았으며, 11월에 725개체, 152.6kg으로 낮았다. 연도별 종다양도(H’), 균등도(E’) 및 풍부도(R) 지수의 범위는 각각 2.42∼3.00, 0.69∼0.78, 5.18∼7.24로 2018년에 낮고, 2013년에 높게 나타났다. 아열성 어류는 총 42종, 출현율 47.7%로 나타났으며, 년도별 어획종수는 2013년에 25종(54.3%)으로 가장 많이 어획되었고, 2018, 2021년에 17종(54.8∼56.7%) 가장 적었다. 조사해역에서 어획된 아열대성 어류의 주요 우점종은 독가시치, 호박돔, 청줄돔, 가시복, 아홉동가리 등으로 나타났다.
Abstract
A variation of fish assemblage in the coastal waters of Sagye-ri, southern Jeju Island was determined using samples collected by trammel net from 2012 to 2022. The total fish species caught by trammel net were identified 88 species, 46 families, 12 orders, and the number of appearance and biomass were 3,479 individuals and 883.6 kg. The annual variation of species was the highest in 2013 at 46 species and the lowest in 2021 at 30 species. The seasonal variation of species was higher in summer at 67 species and lower in winter, autumn at 47 species. The annual diversity index, evenness index, and richness index were appeared 2.42-3.00, 0.69-0.78 and 5.18-7.24 at each years. The dominance index appeared highest in 2013 and the lowest in 2018. Cluster analysis based on the number of individuals of fish was classified into two groups at the dissimilarity level of 57%, and results of SIMPROF analysis revealed significant differences in community structure among the two groups. The subtropical fishes were identified a total of 42 species (47.7%) and the number of species was higher in 2013 at 25 (54.3%) species and lower in 2018 and 2021 at each 17 (54.8~56.7%) species. The dominant species of subtropical fishes were appeared rabbit fish (Siganus fuscescens), scarbreast tuskfish (Choerodon azurio), bluestriped angelfish (Chaetodontoplus septentrionalis), balloon fish (Diodon holocanthus), and flag fish (Goniistius zonatus) at study sites.
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