Feed Restriction and Compensatory Growth in Guzerá Females
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study examined the effect of restricting feed intake and the subsequent compensatory growth in Guzerá females. Eighteen animals with an initial age of 21 months and a mean weight of 268.17 kg were placed in three groups according to the alimentary regime: feed ad libitum; feed restricted to 20% dry matter; and feed restricted to 40% dry matter. In the restricted feed phase, the dry mater intake decreased as the restriction levels increased, influencing the reduction in intake of other nutrients. In the realimentation phase, the 40% restricted feed group ingested more dry matter (% BW) and crude protein (weight0.75) than the group fed ad libitum (p<0.001). The serum nutrient concentrations were inversely proportional (p<0.001) to the restriction level, and there was no difference (p>0.001) in the realimentation phase. In the restricted feed phase, the final live weight decreased (p<0.05) as the restriction level increased. For the daily mean weight gain in the control group, there was no difference (p>0.05) compared to the animals with 20% feed restriction, but this was higher than in the group with 40% feed restriction. In the re-alimentation phase, the group with 40% feed restriction achieved higher weight gain rates, which was different from the control and 20% restriction groups. In both phases, the animals in the group with 40% feed restriction presented better feed conversion which was different (p<0.05) from the control group. In the feed restriction phase, it was observed that the intake of N, nitrogen excreted in feces and urine, nitrogen balance and nitrogen retention decreased (p<0.05) with the restriction level. None of the variables were influenced in the re-alimentation phase. These results show that feed restriction by 40% can be adopted as a nutritional management practice.
Abstract
This study examined the effect of restricting feed intake and the subsequent compensatory growth in Guzerá females. Eighteen animals with an initial age of 21 months and a mean weight of 268.17 kg were placed in three groups according to the alimentary regime: feed ad libitum; feed restricted to 20% dry matter; and feed restricted to 40% dry matter. In the restricted feed phase, the dry mater intake decreased as the restriction levels increased, influencing the reduction in intake of other nutrients. In the realimentation phase, the 40% restricted feed group ingested more dry matter (% BW) and crude protein (weight0.75) than the group fed ad libitum (p<0.001). The serum nutrient concentrations were inversely proportional (p<0.001) to the restriction level, and there was no difference (p>0.001) in the realimentation phase. In the restricted feed phase, the final live weight decreased (p<0.05) as the restriction level increased. For the daily mean weight gain in the control group, there was no difference (p>0.05) compared to the animals with 20% feed restriction, but this was higher than in the group with 40% feed restriction. In the re-alimentation phase, the group with 40% feed restriction achieved higher weight gain rates, which was different from the control and 20% restriction groups. In both phases, the animals in the group with 40% feed restriction presented better feed conversion which was different (p<0.05) from the control group. In the feed restriction phase, it was observed that the intake of N, nitrogen excreted in feces and urine, nitrogen balance and nitrogen retention decreased (p<0.05) with the restriction level. None of the variables were influenced in the re-alimentation phase. These results show that feed restriction by 40% can be adopted as a nutritional management practice.
참고문헌 (32)
- Alves, M, "Feeding dairy cows with soybean by-products: effects on metabolic profile", Ciência Rural, 34(1), pp.239~243 (2004)
- Amstalden, M, "Central infusion of recombinant ovine leptin normalizes plasma insulin and stimulates a novel hypersecretion of luteinizing hormone after short-term fasting in mature beef cows", Biological Reproduction, 66, pp.1555~1561 (2002)
- Bezerra, L. R, "Performance and metabolic behavior of Santa Inês lambs fed with different concentrations of Spirulina platensis in diluted cow's milk", University of Campina Grande, ~ (2006)
- Chelikani, P. K, "Effect of short-term fasting on plasma concentrations of leptin and other hormones and metabolites in dairy cattle", Domest. Anim. Endocrinol, 26, pp.33~48 (2004)
- Clark, J. H, "Effects of dry matter intake restriction on diet digestion, energy partitioning, phosphorus retention, and ruminal fermentation by beef steers", J. Anim. Sci, 85, pp.3383~3390 (2007)
- Cole, N. A, "Changes in postprandial plasma and extracellular and ruminal fluid volumes in wethers fed or unfed for 72 h", J. Anim. Sci, 78, pp.216~223 (2000)
- Costa, P. B., "Performance of dairy heifers under management compensatory growth supplementation with ionophore", Rev. Bras. Zootec, 36(2), pp.461~470 (2007)
- Ford, J. A. Jr, "Nutritionally directed compensatory growth enhances heifer development and lactation potential", J. Dairy Sci, 84, pp.1669~1678 (2001)
- Firkins, J. L, "Ruminal nitrogen metabolism: perspectives for integration of microbiology and nutrition for dairy", J. Dairy Sci, 90(1), pp.1~16 (2007)
- Fujihara, T, "The effect of protein infusion on urinary excretion of purine derivatives in ruminants nourished by intragastric nutrition", J. Agric. Sci, 109, pp.7~12 (1987)
- Herdt, H. H, "The veterinary clinics of North America: food animal practice", 16(2), pp.408~ (2000)
- Hoch, T, "Mécanismes et conséquences de la croissance compensatrice chez lês ruminants", INRA Productions Animales, 16(1), pp.49~59 (2003)
- Lôbo, R. N. B, "Breeding program evaluation for dual purpose zebu cattle. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia", 29(5), pp.1349~1360 (2000)
- Mcdowell, L. R, "Minerals for grazing ruminants in tropical regions, with emphasis on Brazil", pp.93~ (1999), University of Florida
- Mertens, D. R, "Physical effective NDF and Its Use in Formulating dairy rations", INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DAIRY CATTLE, pp.25~36 (2001), University of Florida
- National Research Council (NRC), "Nutrient requirement of dairy cattle" (1996), National Academy of Science
- Pereira, K. P, "Nitrogen balance and endogenous losses in cattle and buffaloes fed with increasing levels of concentrate", Acta Scientiarum Animal Science, 29(4), pp.433~440 (2007)
- Ruiz, R, "The effect of a ruminal nitrogen (N) deficiency in dairy cows: evaluation of the cornell net carbohydrate and protein system ruminal n deficiency adjustment", J. Dairy Sci, 85, pp.2986~2999 (2002)
- Ryan, W. J., "Compensatory growth in sheep and cattle. Growth pattern and feed intake", Aust. J. Agric. Res. Perth, 44, pp.1609~1621 (1993)
- Ryan, W. J, "Compensatory growth in cattle and sheep", Nutrition abstracts and reviews (Series B), 50, pp.653~664 (1990)
- Silva, D. J, "Food analysis (chemical and biological). 3.ed", pp.235~ (2002), Universidade Federal de Viçosa
- Statistical Analysis System (SAS), "Version 8.12 SAS", ~ (2000)
- Taylor-edwards, C. C, "Influence of slow-release urea on nitrogen balance and portal-drained visceral nutrient flux in beef steers", J. Anim. Sci, 7, pp.209~221 (2009)
- Taylor, M. S, "Blood mineral, hormone, and osteocalcin responses of multiparous jersey cows to an oral dose of 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 or vitamin d3 before parturition", J. Dairy Sci, 91, pp.2408~2416 (2008)
- Tolla, N., "Effect of feed restriction on compensatory growth of Arsi (Bos indicus) bulls", Anim. Feed Sci. Technol, 103, pp.29~39 (2003)
- Valadares, R. F. D, "Effect of replacing alfafa silage with high moisture corn on ruminal protein synthesis estimated from excretion of total purine derivatives", J. Dairy Sci, 82(12), pp.2686~2696 (1999)
- Valkeners, D, "Effect of imbalance between energy and nitrogen supplies on microbial protein synthesis and nitrogen metabolism in growing doublemuscled Belgian Blue bulls", J. Anim. Sci, 82, pp.1818~1825 (2004)
- Verbic, J., "Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants. Effect of microbial nucleic acid infusion on purine derivative excretion by steers", J. Agric. Sci, 114, pp.243~248 (1990)
- Weiss, W. P, "Energy prediction equations for ruminant feeds", pp.176~185 (1999), CORNELL NUTRITION CONFERENCE FOR FEED MANUFACTURERS
- Wilson, P. N, "Compensatory growth after under nutrition in mammals and birds", Biological Reviews, 35(3), pp.324~363 (1960)
- Yan, T., "Prediction of nitrogen excretion in feces and urine of beef cattle offered diets containing grass silage", J. Anim. Sci, 85, pp.1982~1989 (2007)
- Zanton, G. I, "Analysis of nitrogen utilization and excretion in growing dairy cattle", J. Dairy Sci, 91(4), pp.1519~1533 (2008)