A Comparative Study of Involvement and Motivation among Casino Gamblers
1
조회
0
다운로드
14
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective: The purpose of this paper is to investigate three different types of gamblers (which we label “non-problem”, “some problem”, and “probable pathological gamblers”) to determine differences in involvement and motivation, as well as differences in demographic and behavioral variables. Methods: The analysis takes advantage of a unique opportunity to sample on-site at a major casino in South Korea, and the resulting purposive sample yielded 180 completed questionnaires in each of the three groups, for a total number of 540. Factor analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan tests, and Chi-square tests are employed to analyze the data collected from the survey. Results: Findings from ANOVA tests indicate that involvement factors of importance/self-expression, pleasure/interest, and centrality derived from the factor analysis were significantly different among these three types of gamblers. The “probable pathological” and “some problem” gamblers were found to have similar degrees of involvement, and higher degrees of involvement than the non-problem gamblers. The tests also reveal that motivational factors of escape, socialization, winning, and exploring scenery were significantly different among these three types of gamblers. When looking at motivations to visit the casino, “probable pathological” gamblers were more likely to seek winning, the “some problem” group appeared to be more likely to seek escape, and the “non-problem” gamblers indicate that their motivations to visit centered around explorations of scenery and culture in the surrounding casino area. Conclusion: The tools for exploring motivations and involvements of gambling provide valuable and discerning information about the entire spectrum of gamblers.
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this paper is to investigate three different types of gamblers (which we label “non-problem”, “some problem”, and “probable pathological gamblers”) to determine differences in involvement and motivation, as well as differences in demographic and behavioral variables. Methods: The analysis takes advantage of a unique opportunity to sample on-site at a major casino in South Korea, and the resulting purposive sample yielded 180 completed questionnaires in each of the three groups, for a total number of 540. Factor analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan tests, and Chi-square tests are employed to analyze the data collected from the survey. Results: Findings from ANOVA tests indicate that involvement factors of importance/self-expression, pleasure/interest, and centrality derived from the factor analysis were significantly different among these three types of gamblers. The “probable pathological” and “some problem” gamblers were found to have similar degrees of involvement, and higher degrees of involvement than the non-problem gamblers. The tests also reveal that motivational factors of escape, socialization, winning, and exploring scenery were significantly different among these three types of gamblers. When looking at motivations to visit the casino, “probable pathological” gamblers were more likely to seek winning, the “some problem” group appeared to be more likely to seek escape, and the “non-problem” gamblers indicate that their motivations to visit centered around explorations of scenery and culture in the surrounding casino area. Conclusion: The tools for exploring motivations and involvements of gambling provide valuable and discerning information about the entire spectrum of gamblers.
참고문헌 (30)
- Derevensky JL, "Prevalence estimates of adolescent gambling:a comparison of the SOGS-RA, DSM-IV-J, and the GA 20 que stions", J Gamble Stud, 16, pp.227~251 (2000)
- Hardoon K, "Empirical measures vs. perceived gambling severity among youth: why adolescent problem gamblers fail to seek treatment", Addict Behav, 28, pp.933~946 (2003)
- Platz L, "Gambling in the context of other recreation activity:a quantitative comparison of casual and pathological student gamblers", Journal of Leisure Research, 33, pp.383~395 (2001)
- Desai RA, "Health correlates of recreational gambling in older adults", Am J Psychiatry, 161, pp.1672~1679 (2004)
- Neighbors C, "Exploring college student gambling motivation", J Gamble Stud, 18, pp.361~370 (2002)
- Chantal Y, "Motivation and gambling involvement", The Journal of Social Psychology, 135, pp.755~763 (1995)
- Tarras J, "The profile and motivations of elderly women gamblers", UNLV Gaming Research and Review Journal, 5, pp.33~46 (2000)
- Loroz PS, "Golden-age gambling: psychological benefits and self-concept dynamics in aging consumers’ consumption experiences", Psychology and Marketing, 21, pp.323~349 (2004)
- McIntyre N, "Recreation specialization reexamined: the case of vehicle-based campers", Leisure Sciences, 14, pp.3~15 (1992)
- Schuett MA, "Refining measures of adventure recreation involvement", Leisure Sciences, 15, pp.205~216 (1993)
- Wiley SGE, "Men’s and women’s involvement in sports: an examination of the gendered aspects of leisure involvement", Leisure Sciences, 22, pp.19~31 (2000)
- Havits ME, "Segmenting the adult fitness market using involvement profiles", Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 12, pp.38~56 (1994)
- McIntyre N, "The personal meaning of participation: enduring involvement", Journal of Leisure Research, 21, pp.167~179 (1989)
- Selin SW, "Ego involvement and leisure behavior: a conceptual specification", Journal of Leisure Research, 20, pp.237~244 (1988)
- Scott D, "Recreational specialization: a critical look at the construct", Journal of Leisure Research, 33, pp.319~343 (2001)
- Bryan H, "Leisure value systems and recreational specialization: the case of trout fishermen", Journal of Leisure Research, 9, pp.174~187 (1977)
- Stebbins RA, "Amateurs, professionals, and serious leisure" (1992), McGill-Queen’s University Press
- Jang HC, "Measuring underlying meanings of gambling from the perspective of enduring involvement", Journal of Travel Research, 38, pp.230~238 (2000)
- Dimanche F, "Leisure as symbolic consumption: a conceptualization and prospectus for future research", Leisure Sciences, 16, pp.119~129 (1994)
- Kim SS, "An exploration of the relationship among social psychological involvement, behavioral involvement, commitment, and future intentions in the context of birdwatching", Journal of Leisure Research, 29, pp.320~341 (1997)
- Havitz ME, "Leisure involvement revisited: conceptual conundrums and measurement advances", Journal of Leisure Research, 29, pp.245~278 (1997)
- Cotte J, "Chances, trances, and lots of slots: gambling motives and consumption experiences", Journal of Leisure Research, 29, pp.380~406 (1997)
- Fisher S, "The pull of the fruit machine: a sociological typology of young players", The Sociological Review, 41, pp.446~474 (1993)
- Ursua MP, "20 questions of Gamblers Anonymous: a Psychometric Study with Population of Spain", J Gambl Stud, 14, pp.3~15 (1998)
- Hair JF, "Multivariate Data Analysis", Prentice Hall
- Lee CK, "Segmenting casino gamblers by motivation: a cluster analysis of Korean gamblers", Tourism Management, 27, pp.856~866 (2006)
- Nunnally J, "Psychometric Theory" (1994), McGraw-Hill
- Park MK, "Segmenting casino gamblers by involvement profiles: a Colorado example", Tourism Management, 23, pp.55~65 (2002)
- Jacobs DF, "A general theory of addictions. in: Compulsive Gambling: Theory, Research and Practice" (1989), Lexington Books