Effects of feeding sodium metabisulfite-treated fruit and vegetable discards to Hanwoo heifers and cows
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective: Two series of experiments were conducted to determine how the incremental levels of sodium metabisulfite (SMB)-treated fruit and vegetable discards (FVD) in diet of Hanwoo heifers and cows affect their performance and health. Methods: In Exp. 1, 36 Hanwoo heifers were stratified by age (13.3±0.83 mo) and initial body weight (305±19.7 kg), and divided randomly to one of three diets containing 0%, 10%, or 20% SMB-treated FVD (as-fed basis). The experiment lasted 110 d, including 20 d of adaptation. In Exp. 2, 24 multiparous Hanwoo cows were divided into three groups based on age (48.2±2.81 mo) and initial body condition score (2.64±0.33). Cows in each block were assigned randomly to one of three diets containing 0%, 11%, or 22% SMB-treated FVD (as-fed basis). The experiment lasted 80 d, including a 20-d adaptation period. In both experiments, SMB-treated FVD was used as a replacement for wet brewers grain in total mixed ration (TMR). Results: Growing heifers exhibited no differences in their daily feed intake (6.58±0.61 kg/d dry matter [DM]), average daily gain (0.60±0.07 kg/d), and body condition score when they consumed the incremental levels of SMB-treated FVD. Although most blood metabolites were unaffected by treatments, blood urea-N and β-hydroxybutyrate levels decreased linearly as the SMB-treated FVD level increased in TMR. Similar to Exp. 1, minor differences were found in daily feed intake (8.27±0.72 kg DM/d) and body condition score of Hanwoo cows. Most blood metabolites remained unaffected by treatments, but blood urea-N decreased as the SMB-treated FVD level in TMR increased. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that SMB-treated FVD could be safely incorporated into the diet of Hanwoo heifers and cows, potentially improving N-use efficiency in the body while not impairing performance or health.
Abstract
Objective: Two series of experiments were conducted to determine how the incremental levels of sodium metabisulfite (SMB)-treated fruit and vegetable discards (FVD) in diet of Hanwoo heifers and cows affect their performance and health. Methods: In Exp. 1, 36 Hanwoo heifers were stratified by age (13.3±0.83 mo) and initial body weight (305±19.7 kg), and divided randomly to one of three diets containing 0%, 10%, or 20% SMB-treated FVD (as-fed basis). The experiment lasted 110 d, including 20 d of adaptation. In Exp. 2, 24 multiparous Hanwoo cows were divided into three groups based on age (48.2±2.81 mo) and initial body condition score (2.64±0.33). Cows in each block were assigned randomly to one of three diets containing 0%, 11%, or 22% SMB-treated FVD (as-fed basis). The experiment lasted 80 d, including a 20-d adaptation period. In both experiments, SMB-treated FVD was used as a replacement for wet brewers grain in total mixed ration (TMR). Results: Growing heifers exhibited no differences in their daily feed intake (6.58±0.61 kg/d dry matter [DM]), average daily gain (0.60±0.07 kg/d), and body condition score when they consumed the incremental levels of SMB-treated FVD. Although most blood metabolites were unaffected by treatments, blood urea-N and β-hydroxybutyrate levels decreased linearly as the SMB-treated FVD level increased in TMR. Similar to Exp. 1, minor differences were found in daily feed intake (8.27±0.72 kg DM/d) and body condition score of Hanwoo cows. Most blood metabolites remained unaffected by treatments, but blood urea-N decreased as the SMB-treated FVD level in TMR increased. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that SMB-treated FVD could be safely incorporated into the diet of Hanwoo heifers and cows, potentially improving N-use efficiency in the body while not impairing performance or health.
참고문헌 (30)
- Sagar NA, "Fruit and vegetable waste : bioactive compounds, their extraction, and possible utilization", Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf, 17, pp.512~531 (2018)[DOI]
- Opara UL, "Bruise damage measurement and analysis of fresh horticultural produce–a review", Postharvest Biol Technol, 91, pp.9~24 (2014)[DOI]
- Ahmadi F, "Preservation of fruit and vegetable discards with sodium metabisulfite", J Environ Manage, 224, pp.113~121 (2018)[DOI]
- Farhad Ahmadi, "Fruit and vegetable discards preserved with sodium metabisulfite as a high-moisture ingredient in total mixed ration for ruminants: effect on in vitro ruminal fermentation and in vivo metabolism", Animal Bioscience, 33(3), pp.446~455 (2020), 아세아·태평양축산학회[DOI]
- Romero-Huelva M, "Nutrient utilization, ruminal fermentation, microbial abunTabledances, and milk yield and composition in dairy goats fed diets including tomato and cucumber waste fruits", J Dairy Sci, 95, pp.6015~6026 (2012)[DOI]
- Ahmadi F, "Microbial, nutritional, and antioxidant stability of fruit and vegetables discards treated with sodium metabisulfite during aerobic and anaerobic storage", Waste Biomass Valorization, 12, pp.347~357 (2020)[DOI]
- Ahmadi F, "Long-term anaerobic conservation of fruit and vegetable discards without or with moisture adjustment after aerobic preservation with sodium metabisulfite", Waste Manag, 87, pp.258~267 (2019)[DOI]
- Wang F, "Ensiling of soybean curd residue and wet brewers grains with or without other feeds as a total mixed ration", J Dairy Sci, 91, pp.2380~2387 (2008)[DOI]
- Murdock FR, "Nutritive value of wet brewers grains for lactating dairy cows", J Dairy Sci, 64, pp.1826~1832 (1981)[DOI]
- Dubois M, "Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances", Anal Chem, 28, pp.350~356 (1956)[DOI]
- Barker SB, "The colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological material", J Biol Chem, 138, pp.535~554 (1941)[DOI]
- AOAC International, "Official methods of analysis" (2012), AOAC Int
- Westendorf ML, "Brewing by-products : their use as animal feeds", Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 18, pp.233~252 (2002)[DOI]
- Keun Hong Song, "Nutritional value and in situ degradability of fruit-vegetable byproducts and their feeding effects on performance of growing Hanwoo steers", Animal Bioscience, 33(6), pp.973~980 (2020), 아세아·태평양축산학회[DOI]
- Cordukes WE, "Nutrient preservation and acceptability of forages ensiled with sodium metabisulphite at varying levels of compaction and dry matter", Can J Plant Sci, 41, pp.720~727 (1961)[DOI]
- Smith WC, "Sodium metabisulphite as an additive in silage making", NZ J Agric Res, 3, pp.1027~1037 (1960)[DOI]
- Lee MRF, "Production responses from lambs grazed on Lolium perenne selected for an elevated water-soluble carbohydrate concentration", Anim Res, 50, pp.441~449 (2001)[DOI]
- M. Sutoh, "The effect of sucrose supplementation on kinetics of nitrogen, ruminal propionate and plasma glucose in sheep", The Journal of Agricultural Science, 126(1), pp.99~105 (1996), Cambridge University Press (CUP)[DOI]
- Changyong Choe, "Hematological analysis of the Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) according to the period and method of grazing", 한국가축위생학회지, 41(3), pp.191~196 (2018), 한국동물위생학회
- Hoover WH, "Balancing carbohydrates and proteins for optimum rumen microbial yield", J Dairy Sci, 74, pp.3630~3644 (1991)[DOI]
- Osborne VR, "Effect of supplementing glucose in drinking water on the energy and nitrogen status of the transition dairy cow", Can J Anim Sci, 82, pp.427~433 (2002)[DOI]
- Broderick GA, "Effect on production of replacing dietary starch with sucrose in lactating dairy cows", J Dairy Sci, 91, pp.4801~4810 (2008)[DOI]
- Edwards GR, "High sugar ryegrasses for livestock systems in New Zealand", Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association, 69, pp.161~171 (2007)
- Butler ST, "Energy balance, metabolic status, and the first postpartum ovarian follicle wave in cows administered propylene glycol", J Dairy Sci, 89, pp.2938~2951 (2006)[DOI]
- Grummer RR, "Effect of propylene glycol dosage during feed restriction on metabolites in blood of prepartum Holstein heifers", J Dairy Sci, 77, pp.3618~3623 (1994)[DOI]
- Gengelbach GP, "Effect of dietary copper, iron, and molybdenum on growth and copper status of beef cows and calves", J Anim Sci, 72, pp.2722~2727 (1994)[DOI]
- Meiske JC, "Effect of sodium bisulfite additions to corn silages", J Anim Sci, 24, pp.705~710 (1965)[DOI]
- "Body condition scoring beef cows" (2009)[URL]
- Roland L, "Hematology as a diagnostic tool in bovine medicine", J Vet Diagn Invest, 26, pp.592~598 (2014)[DOI]
- Conrad HR, "Estimating net energy lactation from components of cell solubles and cell walls", J Dairy Sci, 67, pp.427~436 (1984)[DOI]