A comparative analysis of rumen pH, milk production characteristics, and blood metabolites of Holstein cattle fed different forage levels for the establishment of objective indicators of the animal welfare certification standard
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective: This study was conducted to obtain an objective index that can be quantified and used for establishing an animal welfare certification standard in Korea. For this purpose rumen pH, ruminating time, milk yield, milk quality, and blood components of cows reared in farms feeding high forage level (90%) and farms feeding low forage level (40%) were compared. Methods: Data on rumen pH, rumination time, milk yield, milk fat ratio, milk protein ratio, and blood metabolism were collected from 12 heads from a welfare farm (forage rate 88.5%) and 13 heads from a conventional farm (forage rate 34.5%) for three days in October 2019. Results: The rumination time was longer in cattle on the welfare farm than on the conventional farm (p<0.01), but ruminal pH fluctuation was greater in the cattle on conventional farm than the welfare farm (p<0.01). Conventional farms with a high ratio of concentrated feed were higher in average daily milk yield than welfare farms, but milk fat and milk production efficiency (milk fat and milk protein corrected milk/total digestible nutrients) was higher in cattle on welfare farms. Blood test results showed a normal range for both farm types, but concentrations of total cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acid were significantly higher in cows from conventional farms with a high milk yield (p<0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed that cows on the animal welfare farm with a high percentage of grass feed had higher milk production efficiency with healthier rumen pH and blood metabolism parameters compared to those on the conventional farm.
Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted to obtain an objective index that can be quantified and used for establishing an animal welfare certification standard in Korea. For this purpose rumen pH, ruminating time, milk yield, milk quality, and blood components of cows reared in farms feeding high forage level (90%) and farms feeding low forage level (40%) were compared. Methods: Data on rumen pH, rumination time, milk yield, milk fat ratio, milk protein ratio, and blood metabolism were collected from 12 heads from a welfare farm (forage rate 88.5%) and 13 heads from a conventional farm (forage rate 34.5%) for three days in October 2019. Results: The rumination time was longer in cattle on the welfare farm than on the conventional farm (p<0.01), but ruminal pH fluctuation was greater in the cattle on conventional farm than the welfare farm (p<0.01). Conventional farms with a high ratio of concentrated feed were higher in average daily milk yield than welfare farms, but milk fat and milk production efficiency (milk fat and milk protein corrected milk/total digestible nutrients) was higher in cattle on welfare farms. Blood test results showed a normal range for both farm types, but concentrations of total cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acid were significantly higher in cows from conventional farms with a high milk yield (p<0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed that cows on the animal welfare farm with a high percentage of grass feed had higher milk production efficiency with healthier rumen pH and blood metabolism parameters compared to those on the conventional farm.
참고문헌 (28)
- "Animal welfare farm certification standards for dairy cattle"[URL]
- Beauchemin KA, "Invited review : Current perspectives on eating and rumination activity in dairy cows", J Dairy Sci, 101, pp.4762~4784 (2018)[DOI]
- Rural Development Administration, "Korean feeding standard for Dairy Cattle" (2017), National Institute of Animal Science
- Aschenbach JR, "Ruminant nutrition symposium : Role of fermentation acid absorption in the regulation of ruminal pH", J Anim Sci, 89, pp.1092107~ (2011)[DOI]
- 손혜인, "젖소에 있어 아급성제1위과산증(SARA)의 강도가 혈장 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)의 농도에 미치는 효과", 한국초지조사료학회지, 33(4), pp.313~318 (2013), 한국초지조사료학회
- "Terrestrial Animal Health Code Chapter 7.11. Animal welfare and dairy cattle production systems"[URL]
- Castillo-González AR, "Rumen microorganisms and fermentation", Arch Med Vet, 46, pp.349~361 (2014)[DOI]
- "Dairy Cattle Standards"[URL]
- Antanaitis R, "Reticulorumen temperature and pH as indicators of the likelihood of reproductive success", J Dairy Res, 85, pp.23~26 (2018)[DOI]
- Stangaferro ML, "Use of rumination and activity monitoring for the identification of dairy cows with health disorders : Part III. Metritis", J Dairy Sci, 99, pp.7422~7433 (2016)[DOI]
- Elischer MF, "Validating the accuracy of activity and rumination monitor data from dairy cows housed in a pasture-based automatic milking system", J Dairy Sci, 96, pp.6412~6422 (2013)[DOI]
- OIE, "Terrestrial Animal Health Code; Chapter 7.11", pp.2015, World Organization for Animal Health
- Spigarelli C, "Welfare assessment on pasture : a review on animal-based measures for ruminants", Animals, 10, pp.609~ (2020)[DOI]
- 이왕식, "농후사료와 조사료의 비율이 한우의 저작 및 반추시간과 빈도에 미치는 영향", 한국축산학회지, 46(1), pp.55~60 (2004), 한국축산학회
- Schirmann K, "Validation of a system for monitoring rumination in dairy cows", J Dairy Sci, 92, pp.6052~6055 (2009)[DOI]
- Soriani N, "Relationships between rumination time, metabolic conditions, and health status in dairy cows during the transition period", J Anim Sci, 90, pp.4544~4554 (2012)[DOI]
- Jiang FG, "Effect of dietary roughage level on chewing activity, ruminal pH, and saliva secretion in lactating Holstein cows", J Dariy Sci, 100, pp.2660~2671 (2017)[DOI]
- Mao SY, "Microbiome–metabolome analysis reveals unhealthy alterations in the composition and metabolism of ruminal microbiota with increasing dietary grain in a goat model", Environ Microbiol, 18, pp.525~541 (2016)[DOI]
- Krause KM, "Effects of forage particle size and grain fermentability in midlactation cows. II. Ruminal pH and chewing activity", J Dairy Sci, 85, pp.1947~1957 (2002)[DOI]
- Pitt R, "Modeling ruminal pH fluctuations : interactions between meal frequency and digestion rate", J Dairy Sci, 80, pp.2429~2441 (1997)[DOI]
- Desnoyers M, "Effect of concentrate percentage on ruminal pH and time-budget in dairy goats", Animal, 2, pp.1802~1808 (2008)[DOI]
- Keady TWJ, "Effect of concentrate feed level in late gestation on subsequent milk yield, milk composition, and fertility of dairy cows", J Dairy Sci, 84, pp.1468~1479 (2001)[DOI]
- 정숙한, "국내 젖소의 혈액 대사인자 프로파일 분석", 한국가축위생학회지, 42(2), pp.121~126 (2019), 한국동물위생학회[DOI]
- Adewuyi AA, "Non-esterified fatty acids(NEFA)in dairy cattle. A review", Vet Q, 27, pp.117~126 (2005)[DOI]
- Jóźwik A, "Relationship between milk yield, stage of lactation, and some blood serum metabolic parameters of dairy cows", Czech J Anim Sci, 57, pp.353~360 (2012)[DOI]
- Mohebbi-Fani M, "Thyroid hormones and their correlations with serum glucose, beta hydroxybutyrate, nonesterified fatty acids, cholesterol, and lipoproteins of high-yielding dairy cows at different stages of lactation cycle", Comp Clin Pathol, 18, pp.211~216 (2009)[DOI]
- 이배훈, "조사료 급여 수준이 Holstein 착유우의 산유 특성에 미치는 영향", 한국초지조사료학회지, 33(1), pp.45~51 (2013), 한국초지조사료학회
- De Vries A, "Overview of factors affecting productive lifespan of dairy cows", Animal, 14(S1), pp.15564~ (2020)[DOI]