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기업가정신의 적용수준과 기업성과에 관한 연구 -기업가지향성을 중심으로-

A Study on Applicable Level of Entrepreneurship: Focus on Entrepreneurial Orientation

이상빈|성을현|정범구|한은수
대한경영정보학회 (Daehan Academy Of Management Information Systems)|2017.06|경영과 정보연구 (Management & Information Systems Review)|제36권 제2호|pp. 157-185|DOI 10.29214/damis.2017.36.2.009

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참고문헌

키워드

기업가정신EntrepreneurshipEntrepreneurial Orientation혁신성과Innovative PerformanceFinancial Performance재무적 성과기업가지향성기업가정신 적용수준Applicable Level of Entrepreneurship
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 기업가정신의 조직적수준의 적용이며, 결과이기도 하며, 이의 누적적 개념이기도 한 기업가지향성의 개념을 최고경영자, 종업원 개인, 경영층, 조직전체 수준에서 적용하고 있다는 점에 착안하여 이들 개념들 간의 상이성을 판별타당성 및 집중타당성과 혁신성과 및 기업 재무성과와의 관계를 통해 알아보고, 이 개념들 간의 인과관계를 분석하기 위해 실시되었다. 이를 위해 총 96개 기업의 설문응답지가 회수되어 분석에 사용되었다. 연구결과 CEO기업가지향성, 종업원개인기업가지향성, 경영층기업가지향성, 조직기업가지향성 등의 수준별 기업가지향성은 집중타당성과 판별타당성을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 매개효과분석에서는 각 수준별 기업가지향성은 혁신성과 및 기업의 재무성과에 상이한 수준으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 단일변수로 투입했을 경우에는 모든 변수에서 혁신성과가 기업가지향성과 재무성과 간에 매개효과를 나타내고 있었지만 전체변수를 동시에 투입했을 때에는 조직수준의 기업가지향성만이 재무성과와의 관계에서 혁신성과가 매개효과를 나타내었다. 이는 적용수준별 개념의 차이가 존재함을 보여준다. 적용수준별 인과관계의 분석결과에서는 기업가지향성 수준별로 변수들 간 상호 영향을 미치는 인과관계를 형성하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 CEO기업가지향성은 종업원개인기업가지향성, 경영층기업가지향성, 그리고 조직기업가지향성에 영향을 미치고 다시 종업원개인기업가지향성과 경영층기업가지향성이 조직기업가지향성에 영향을 미치는 인과적 관계를 형성하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 혁신성과와 재무성과와의 관계에서는 CEO기업가지향성, 조직기업가지향성, 경영층기업가지향성이 혁신성과에 영향을 미치고 있으며, 재무성과에 영향을 미치는 변수는 조직기업가지향성 뿐으로 나타났다. 결론에서는 연구의의와 한계점 및 향후 연구방향이 제시되어 있다.

Abstract

This study was carried out with the attention that the concept of entrepreneurial orientation has been applied at various levels of CEO, employee, management, and organization as a whole. The differences between these concepts were examined by discriminant validity and convergence validity, and the causal relationship between these concepts and performance was analyzed. A total of 96 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The results show that CEO's entrepreneurial orientation, employee's entrepreneurial orientation, manager's entrepreneurial orientation and organizational entrepreneurial orientation have convergent validity and discriminant validity, and that these variables have different effects on the firm 's innovation performance and financial performance. In the analysis of the mediating effect, when the variables of all levels were put into a single variable, the innovation performance mediates between the entrepreneurial orientation and the financial performance in all variables. However, when all variables are applied simultaneously, innovation performance has mediating effect only on the relationship between organizational entrepreneurship orientation and financial performance. This shows that there is a conceptual difference according to applied level. As a result of the analysis of the causal relationship by the application level of entrepreneurial orientation, it is found that causality is formed among the entrepreneurial orientation variables. In particular, CEO's entrepreneurial orientation influences employee's entrepreneurial orientation, manager's entrepreneurial orientation, and organization's entrepreneurial orientation, and again, employee's entrepreneurial orientation and managerial entrepreneurial orientation form a causal relationship that influences organization's entrepreneurial orientation. In the relationship between innovation performance and financial performance, CEO's entrepreneurial orientation, organization's entrepreneurial orientation, and manager's entrepreneurial orientation are influencing innovation performance, and the only variables influencing financial performance are organization's entrepreneurial orientation. In conclusion, the limitations of the study and its future direction are presented.

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