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롤모델이 대학생의 창업의도에 미치는 영향 - 자기효능감과 성취욕구의 매개효과를 중심으로 -

The Effect of Role Model on Entrepreneurial Intention of University Students - Focused on Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy and Needs for Achievement

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주제분류경영학

초록

탐색적 연구를 기반으로 한 본 연구는 롤모델이 대학생들의 창업에 대한 자신감과 성취욕구 그리고 그 결과 창업의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 다섯 개의 가설을 중심으로 설계하였다. 회귀모형을 이용한 분석결과 롤모델은 대학생들의 창업의도뿐만 아니라 자기효능감과 성취욕구에도 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 대학생들의 기업가정신 함양에 있어 롤모델의 중요성을 실증적으로 보여주는 것이라 할 수 있다. 가설검증을 통한 분석결과 본 연구의 이론적 시사점은 다음과 같이 요약해 볼 수 있다. 먼저 청년 대학생들의 기업가정신 함양에 있어 롤모델의 중요성을 실증적으로 입증했다는 점에서 본 연구의 의의가 크다고 할 수 있다. 롤모델은 대학생들의 창업의도 형성에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 롤모델은 자기효능감에도 긍정적인 인과관계를 갖는 것을 실증하였다. 롤모델은 또한 성취욕구에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것을 입증하였다. 마지막으로 자기효능감과 성취욕구는 롤모델과 창업의도 사이에 유의한 부분매개 효과를 가지고 있음을 실증하였다. 실무적 시사점으로 대학교 교과과정을 통한 기업가정신 강좌개설이나 창업에 대한 특강 등은 기초적인 기업가정신 배양을 위해 매우 바람직스러운 일이다. 여기에 더해 실제 창업기업의 현장에서 대학생들에게 기업경영을 보고 배우고 학습할 수 있는 기회를 제공할 수 있다면 더욱 실효성 있는 과정이 될 것이다. 본 연구는 대학생들의 창업활동에 미치는 요인들에 대한 이론적 실증뿐만 아니라 현실적이고 유의미한 실무적 시사점을 제시해 줄 것으로 기대한다.

Abstract

This exploratory study was designed to verify the effect of role model on entrepreneurial intention of university students. Another focal point of the study is to attest the role of self-efficacy and need for achievement as mediator. 5 hypotheses were established to test the causal relationship between the variables including the mediating effect. Our findings indicate that role model gives positive impact on entrepreneurial intention of university students. The role model also plays an important role in enhancing self-efficacy as well as need for achievement of students. The mediating effect of self-efficacy and need for achievement was in line with our expectation, even though they play as partial mediating role. So, this study contributes to the literature in both theoretical and practical aspects, particularly to the better understanding on the essence of role model in fostering entrepreneurship among university students. Our suggestion in practical standpoint is to give hands-on learning opportunity for students in the field where entrepreneurship is being performed, in addition to taking entrepreneurship course at school. The study will give some clear insight to the practitioners in design entrepreneurship pedagogy at higher education level.

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