자기주도학습 능력 개발을 위한 설계교육 방법에 관한 연구
A Study on Design Education Method for Development of Self-Directed Learning Ability
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본 연구는 자기주도학습 개념 및 구성요인과 자기주도학습 능력개발을 위한 교수․학습 전략을 살펴보고, 문제기반학습과 프로젝트기반학습 방법이 적용되는 설계교육의 절차와의 관계를 분석하여 자기주도학습 능력개발을 위한 설계교육 방법을 제시하기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 자기주도학습, 자기주도학습 능력개발, 설계교육을 주요어(key word)로 하여 ‘문헌연구’를 수행하였다. 그 결과 설계교육 절차 및 문제기반학습과 프로젝트기반학습의 공통되는 항목을 추출하여 5단계 를 도출하였고, 학습자의 자기주도학습 능력 수준 차이를 전제로 하는 Grow(1991)의 수업 모형을 연결시켜 총 9단계의 설계교육 절차를 제시하였다. 이는 첫째, 선수학습 준비, 둘째, 문제정의 및 필요성 인식, 셋째, 팀 구성, 넷째, 관련자료 수집, 다섯째, 교사와 함께 실질적인 문제에 대한 팀학습, 여섯째, 최적의 해결책 선택, 일곱째, 학생 중심 토의, 여덟째, 모형 및 제품 제작, 아홉째, 시험 및 평가, 보완으로 진행된다. 이러한 모형을 적용시킨 설계교육을 통해 교수자는 지속적인 피드백을 통한 학습자의 자기주도학습 능력 향상 정도 및 학업성취를 평가할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 학습자는 이전보다 높은 수준의 자기주도학습 능력을 가지게 될 것이고, 이는 다른 학습상황에도 전이되어 창의성과 문제해결능력을 필요로 하는 공학교육의 효과를 극대화할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to suggest efficient method for development of learner's self-directed learning ability through literature review on self-directed learning, component of self-directed learning, development of self-directed learning ability, design education steps adopting problem based learning and project based learning. This study was conducted through literature review on self-directed learning and development of self-directed learning, design education. Design education and project based learning process and problem based learning to extract the items that are common to bring out five steps, and differences in levels of learners based on self-learning led to Grow(1991) model to connect the lessons of 9 steps present the design education steps, that is, the learners ready for learning, the definition of problem and recognition of necessity, team building, related data collection, team learning about real problem with the teacher, select optimal solution, student-centered discussion, models and product creation, testing and evaluation, complement.
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