Viable alternatives to in vivo tests to evaluate the toxicity of engineered carbon nanotubes
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) stand at the frontier of nanotechnology and are destined to stimulate the next industrial revolution. Rapid increase in their production and use in the technology industry have led to concerns over the effects of CNT on human health and the environment. The prominent use of CNTs in biomedical applications also increases the possibility of human exposure, while properties such as their high aspect ratio (fiber-like shape)and large surface area raise safety concerns for human health if exposure does occur. It is crucial to develop viable alternatives to in vivo tests in order to evaluate the toxicity of engineered CNTs and develop validated experimental models capable of identifying CNTs’ toxic effects and predicting their level of toxicity in the human respiratory system. Human lung epithelial cells serve as a barrier at the interface between the surrounding air and lung tissues in response to exogenous particles such as air-pollutants, including CNTs. Monolayer culture of the key individual cell types has provided abundant fundamental information on the response of these cells to external perturbations. However, such systems are limited by the absence of cell-cell interactions and their dynamic nature,which are both present in vivo. In this review, we suggested two viable alternatives to in vivo tests to evaluate the health risk of human exposure to CNTs.
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) stand at the frontier of nanotechnology and are destined to stimulate the next industrial revolution. Rapid increase in their production and use in the technology industry have led to concerns over the effects of CNT on human health and the environment. The prominent use of CNTs in biomedical applications also increases the possibility of human exposure, while properties such as their high aspect ratio (fiber-like shape)and large surface area raise safety concerns for human health if exposure does occur. It is crucial to develop viable alternatives to in vivo tests in order to evaluate the toxicity of engineered CNTs and develop validated experimental models capable of identifying CNTs’ toxic effects and predicting their level of toxicity in the human respiratory system. Human lung epithelial cells serve as a barrier at the interface between the surrounding air and lung tissues in response to exogenous particles such as air-pollutants, including CNTs. Monolayer culture of the key individual cell types has provided abundant fundamental information on the response of these cells to external perturbations. However, such systems are limited by the absence of cell-cell interactions and their dynamic nature,which are both present in vivo. In this review, we suggested two viable alternatives to in vivo tests to evaluate the health risk of human exposure to CNTs.
참고문헌 (35)
- Baktur R, "Effect of exposure conditions on SWCNT-induced inflammatory response in human alveolar epithelial cells", Toxicol In Vitro, 25(5), pp.1153~1160 (2011)
- Chin SF, "Amphiphilic helical peptide enhances the uptake of singlewalled carbon nanotubes by living cells", Exp Biol Med, 232(9), pp.1236~1244 (2007)
- Dumortier H, "Functionalized carbon nanotubes are non-cytotoxic and preserve the functionality of primary immune cells", Nano Lett, 6(7), pp.1522~1528 (2006)
- Helland A, "Reviewing the environmental and human health knowledge base of carbon nanotubes", Environ Health Perspect, 115(8), pp.1125~1131 (2007)
- Lam CW, "A review of carbon nanotube toxicity and assessment of potential occupational and environmental health risks", Crit Rev Toxicol, 36(3), pp.189~217 (2006)
- Yang K, "Competitive sorption of pyrene, phenanthrene, and naphthalene on multiwalled carbon nanotubes", Environ Sci Technol, 40(18), pp.5804~5810 (2006)
- Chou CC, "Single-walled carbon nanotubes can induce pulmonary injury in mouse model", Nano Lett, 8(2), pp.437~445 (2008)
- Shvedova AA, "Unusual inflammatory and fibrogenic pulmonary responses to single-walled carbon nanotubes in mice", Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 289(5), pp.L698~L708 (2005)
- Warheit DB, "Comparative pulmonary toxicity assessment of single-wall carbon nanotubes in rats", Toxicol Sci, 77(1), pp.117~125 (2004)
- Muller J, "Respiratory toxicity of multi-wall carbon nanotubes", Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 207(3), pp.221~231 (2005)
- Mitchell LA, "Pulmonary and systemic immune response to inhaled multiwalled carbon nanotubes", Toxicol Sci, 100(1), pp.203~214 (2007)
- Lam CW, "Pulmonary toxicity of single-wall carbon nanotubes in mice 7 and 90 days after intratracheal instillation", Toxicol Sci, 77(1), pp.126~134 (2004)
- Li Z, "Cardiovascular effects of pulmonary exposure to single-wall carbon nanotubes", Environ Health Perspect, 115(3), pp.377~382 (2007)
- Donaldson K, "Carbon nanotubes: a review of their properties in relation to pulmonary toxicology and workplace safety", Toxicol Sci, 92(1), pp.5~22 (2006)
- Adachi Y, "Fibronectin production by cultured human lung fibroblasts in threedimensional collagen gel culture", In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim, 34(3), pp.203~210 (1998)
- Fredriksson K, "Red blood cells stimulate fibroblast-mediated contraction of three dimensional collagen gels in co-culture", Inflamm Res, 51(5), pp.245~251 (2002)
- Infeld MD, "Human tracheobronchial epithelial cells direct migration of lung fibroblasts in three-dimensional collagen gels", Am J Physiol, 262(5 Pt 1), pp.L535~L541 (1992)
- Agarwal A, "Two-photon laser scanning microscopy of epithelial cell-modulated collagen density in engineered human lung tissue", Tissue Eng, 7(2), pp.191~202 (2001)
- Mio T, "Human bronchial epithelial cells modulate collagen gel contraction by fibroblasts", Am J Physiol, 274(1 Pt 1), pp.L119~L126 (1998)
- Umino T, "Modification of type I collagenous gels by alveolar epithelial cells", Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 22(6), pp.702~707 (2000)
- Zhang S, "Growth factors secreted by bronchial epithelial cells control myofibroblast proliferation: an in vitro co-culture model of airway remodeling in asthma", Lab Invest, 79(4), pp.395~405 (1999)
- Morishima Y, "Triggering the induction of myofibroblast and fibrogenesis by airway epithelial shedding", Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 24(1), pp.1~11 (2001)
- Swartz MA, "Mechanical stress is communicated between different cell types to elicit matrix remodeling", Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 98(11), pp.6180~6185 (2001)
- Rejman J, "Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection destroys the barrier function of lung epithelium and enhances polyplex-mediated transfection", Hum Gene Ther, 18(7), pp.642~652 (2007)
- Chambers E, "Long circulating nanoparticles via adhesion on red blood cells: mechanism and extended circulation", Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 232(7), pp.958~966 (2007)
- Patel H, "Effects of diesel particulate matters on inflammatory responses in static and dynamic culture of human alveolar epithelial cells", Toxicol Lett, 200(1-2), pp.124~131 (2011)
- 허동은, "Reconstituting Organ-Level Lung Functions on a Chip", SCIENCE, 328(5986), pp.1662~1668, AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
- Shvedova AA, "Inhalation vs. aspiration of single-walled carbon nanotubes in C57BL", 6 mice: inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and mutagenesis, 2008, pp.295(4), L552~L565
- Shinohara N, "Clearance kinetics of fullerene C nanoparticles from rat lungs after intratracheal C instillation and inhalation C exposure", Toxicol Sci, 118(2), pp.564~573 (2010)
- Mercer RR, "Distribution and persistence of pleural penetrations by multi-walled carbon nanotubes", Part Fibre Toxicol, 7, pp.28~ (2010)
- Pauluhn J, "Poorly soluble particulates: searching for a unifying denominator of nanoparticles and fine particles for DNEL estimation", Toxicology, 279(1-3), pp.176~188 (2011)
- Tschumperlin DJ, "Equibiaxial deformation- induced injury of alveolar epithelial cells in vitro", Am J Physiol, 275(6 Pt 1), pp.L1173~L1183 (1998)
- Patel H, "Interplay between cytokineinduced and cyclic equibiaxial deformation-induced nitric oxide production and metalloproteases expression in human alveolar epithelial cells", Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering, 2(4), pp.615~624 (2009)
- Schulte PA., "The use of biomarkers in surveillance, medical screening, and intervention", Mutat Res, 592(1-2), pp.155~163 (2005)
- Stocker E, "Alternative estimation of human exposure of single- walled carbon nanotubes using three-dimensional tissue-engineered human lung", Int J Toxicol, 27(6), pp.441~448 (2008)