자동차 정비업체 도장공정의 작업환경 및 근로자 노출 실태에 관한 연구
A Study of Working Environment for Automotive Painting in Auto Repair Shops and Workers’ Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals
2
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate 1) blood lead levels of workers at auto repair shops as Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) of toxic substances such as lead and toluene that are produced during automotive painting process, 2) the differences depending on personal characteristics of workers who have been exposed to toluene by using urine hippuric acid concentration as a marker and 3) the correlation between the concentration of hazardous chemicals in each workplace and the BEI. All subjects were male with a mean age of 36.2 years. In terms of age, most were in the 30 to 40 age group (13 persons, 48.1%). In relation to the length of work experience, the highest proportion had experience of 10 years of less (18 persons, 66.7%). Twenty three workers were cigarette smokers (85.2%) while 4 (14.8%) were nonsmokers. In addition, more than 80% of the workers drank alcohol. Dust concentration and toluene exposure during automotive painting showed no significant difference with age, length of work experience, smoking and drinking while a significant difference (p<0.05) has been detected between lead concentration and smoking. The geometric mean of dust concentration, lead concentration and toluene concentration were 0.38㎎/㎥, 0.0021 ㎎/ ㎥and 1.08 ppm respectively. In addition, the geometric mean of blood lead levels and urine hippuric acid concentration were 1.70 ㎍/㎗ and 0.25 g/g respectively, which were lower than the standard levels suggested by the Ministry of Labor. To determine the influential factors on blood lead and urine hippuric acid concentrations, a correlation analysis has been conducted with variables of air, lead and toluene concentrations, age, length of work experience and amount of cigarette smoking. According to the analysis, a relatively high correlation (p<0.01) has been observed between air lead concentration and biological sample concentration.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate 1) blood lead levels of workers at auto repair shops as Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) of toxic substances such as lead and toluene that are produced during automotive painting process, 2) the differences depending on personal characteristics of workers who have been exposed to toluene by using urine hippuric acid concentration as a marker and 3) the correlation between the concentration of hazardous chemicals in each workplace and the BEI. All subjects were male with a mean age of 36.2 years. In terms of age, most were in the 30 to 40 age group (13 persons, 48.1%). In relation to the length of work experience, the highest proportion had experience of 10 years of less (18 persons, 66.7%). Twenty three workers were cigarette smokers (85.2%) while 4 (14.8%) were nonsmokers. In addition, more than 80% of the workers drank alcohol. Dust concentration and toluene exposure during automotive painting showed no significant difference with age, length of work experience, smoking and drinking while a significant difference (p<0.05) has been detected between lead concentration and smoking. The geometric mean of dust concentration, lead concentration and toluene concentration were 0.38㎎/㎥, 0.0021 ㎎/ ㎥and 1.08 ppm respectively. In addition, the geometric mean of blood lead levels and urine hippuric acid concentration were 1.70 ㎍/㎗ and 0.25 g/g respectively, which were lower than the standard levels suggested by the Ministry of Labor. To determine the influential factors on blood lead and urine hippuric acid concentrations, a correlation analysis has been conducted with variables of air, lead and toluene concentrations, age, length of work experience and amount of cigarette smoking. According to the analysis, a relatively high correlation (p<0.01) has been observed between air lead concentration and biological sample concentration.
참고문헌 (21)
- Lee, K. S., "Laboratory findings and subjective symptoms of car repair workers", Korean Society of Environmental Health, 24(2), pp.80~87 (1998)
- 이세훈, "일부 자동차정비업체 도장공정 근로자의 납 노출", Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 12(3), pp.187~194 (2002)
- Won, J. I., "An analysis of ingredient and the states of measurement of airborne mixed organic solvents", Korean Journal of Occupational Health, 33(2), pp.28~34 (1994)
- Burgess, W . A., "Recognition of health h azards i n Industry. A review of materials and process" (1981), John Wiley and Sons, Inc
- Tsaih, S. W., "Lead, diabetes, hypertension, and renal function: The normative aging study", Environmental Health Perspect, 112(11), pp.1178~1182 (2004)
- A comparison of health hazard effects by solvent-based and water-based painting materials, "Go, H. S", Hanyang University Graduate School Engineering, ~ (2007)
- Husman, K, "Symptoms of car painters with longterm exposure to a mixture of organic solvents", Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 6(1), pp.19~32 (1980)
- Kalman, D., "Biological availability of lead in a paint aerosol. I: P hysical a nd c hemical c haracterization of a lead paint aerosol", Toxicology Letters, 22(3), pp.301~306 (1984)
- Lustberg, M, "Blood lead levels and mortality", Archives of Internal Medicine, 162(21), pp.2443~2449 (2002)
- NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods. 3th ed, "National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health", NIOSH, ~, pp.Method No. 0500
- NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, "National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health", NIOSH, ~ (1995)
- Fermandez, F. J, "Micromethod for lead determination in whole blood by atomic absorption, with use of the graphite furnace", Clinical Chemistry, 21, pp.558~561
- 황정호, "톨루엔 노출 근로자의 생물학적 노출지표로서의 요중 마뇨산, 톨루엔 및 오르토-크레졸 비교", 한국산업위생학회지, 12(2), pp.79~87 (2002), 한국산업위생학회
- Exposure l evel o f chemical substances and physical factors, "Ministry o f labor", 64~65 (2007)
- 박정근, "페인트 도장공정 공기중 유기용제에 대한두 측정방법 비교 연구", 한국산업위생학회지, 12(2), pp.126~134 (2002), 한국산업위생학회
- Kim, K. J., "Analysis of thinners and m easurement o f organic s olvents in air of painting workplace", Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 1(1), pp.8~15 (1991)
- Inoue, T., "Nationwide survey on organic solvent components in various solvent products: Part 1. Homogeneous products such as thinners, degreasers and reagents", Indust Health, 21(3), pp.175~184 (1983)
- Scott, R., "Chemical hazards in the workplace" (1989), Lew is publishers, Inc.
- 박지웅, "직업적 납 노출이 없는 일부 한국성인에서 혈중 납농도와 생활습관에 관한 연구", 대한직업환경의학회지, 20(3), pp.165~173 (2008), 대한직업환경의학회
- Kim, J. J., "A study on urinary hippuric acid and subjective symptoms in toluene exposed workers", Korean Society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 1(2), pp.206~217 (1989)
- Brugnone F., "Toluene concentration in the blood and alveolar air of workers during the work shift and the moring after", British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 43, pp.56~61 (1986)