메틸브로마이드 훈증제 작업자의 요 중 브로마이드 이온을 이용한 생물학적 노출평가
Exposure Assessment of Biological Monitoring by Urinary Bromide Ion in Methyl Bromide Fumigation Workers
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective: Methyl bromide (MB) fumigant has been shown to be fatal to human when was exposed. However, it were still used the significant amount in quarantine disinfection sites. The purposes of this study were to assess the MB exposure status and characteristics by fumigation-related workers and to provide supporting data for management plan. Methods: For this study, the three groups related to fumigation work were composed. A total of 107 workers were directly exposed, 20 field inspectors were indirect, and 20 general quarantines were not exposed. The urinary bromide ion concentrations in each group were analyzed by using HPLC/ICP-MS, and the working characteristics were identified using the structured questionnaire. Results: The urinary bromide ion concentration in the exposed group of fumigation workers was higher than the indirect and non-exposed groups. In the work characteristics of workers, there was a significant tendency to increase urinary bromide ion concentrations with higher fumigation work years (≤4 years: 2.84 (1.13-7.11) mg/g cr, >4-15 years: 5.36 (4.37- 6.57) mg/g cr, >15-37 years: 6.69 (5.27-8.49) mg/g cr, p=0.034). In the comparison of the average number of working days per month, the more working days, the higher the urinary bromide ion concentration was statistically significant (≤12.5 days: 2.59 (1.19-5.65) mg/g cr, >12.5-19.25 days: 5.46 (4.62-6.44) mg/g cr, >19.25-27.25 days: 7.93 (5.93-10.59) mg/g cr, p=0.002). Conclusion: This study was the first nationwide survey including biological monitoring in workers exposed to methyl bromide. The results of this study were expected to be used as a reference for workers' health rights in relation to fumigation, prevention of addiction accidents, and safe management plan.
Abstract
Objective: Methyl bromide (MB) fumigant has been shown to be fatal to human when was exposed. However, it were still used the significant amount in quarantine disinfection sites. The purposes of this study were to assess the MB exposure status and characteristics by fumigation-related workers and to provide supporting data for management plan. Methods: For this study, the three groups related to fumigation work were composed. A total of 107 workers were directly exposed, 20 field inspectors were indirect, and 20 general quarantines were not exposed. The urinary bromide ion concentrations in each group were analyzed by using HPLC/ICP-MS, and the working characteristics were identified using the structured questionnaire. Results: The urinary bromide ion concentration in the exposed group of fumigation workers was higher than the indirect and non-exposed groups. In the work characteristics of workers, there was a significant tendency to increase urinary bromide ion concentrations with higher fumigation work years (≤4 years: 2.84 (1.13-7.11) mg/g cr, >4-15 years: 5.36 (4.37- 6.57) mg/g cr, >15-37 years: 6.69 (5.27-8.49) mg/g cr, p=0.034). In the comparison of the average number of working days per month, the more working days, the higher the urinary bromide ion concentration was statistically significant (≤12.5 days: 2.59 (1.19-5.65) mg/g cr, >12.5-19.25 days: 5.46 (4.62-6.44) mg/g cr, >19.25-27.25 days: 7.93 (5.93-10.59) mg/g cr, p=0.002). Conclusion: This study was the first nationwide survey including biological monitoring in workers exposed to methyl bromide. The results of this study were expected to be used as a reference for workers' health rights in relation to fumigation, prevention of addiction accidents, and safe management plan.
참고문헌 (38)
- Calvert GM, "Health effects associated with sulfuryl fluoride and methyl bromide exposure among structural fumigation workers", American Journal of Public Health, 88(12), pp.1774~1780 (1998)
- Furuta A, "Neurotoxicity of methyl bromide-neuropathologic evaluation-preliminary study", Journal of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 15(1), pp.21~27 (1993)
- Budnik LT, "Prostate cancer and toxicity from critical use exemptions of methyl bromide : environmental protection helps protect against human health risks", Environmental Health, 11(1), pp.5~ (2012)
- Documentation of the TLVs and BEIs with Other Worldwide Occupational Exposure Values, "American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists", American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Cincinnati, ~ (2010)
- Toxicological Profile for Bromomethane, "Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry", US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, ~ (1992)
- Bulathsinghala AT, "The toxic chemistry of methyl bromide", Human & Experimental Toxicology, 33(1), pp.81~91 (2014)
- Yamamoto O, "Experimental exposure of rat skin to methyl bromide : a toxicokinetic and histopathological study", Archives of Toxicology, 73(12), pp.641~648 (2000)
- Garnier R, "Glutathione transferase activity and formation of macromolecular adducts in two cases of acute methyl bromide poisoning", Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 53(3), pp.211~215 (1996)
- NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Methyl Bromide (CAS: 74-83-9) in B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies), "Program NT", National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series, 1~ (1992)
- Chavez CT, "Methyl bromide optic atrophy", American Journal of Ophthalmology, 99(6), pp.715~719 (1985)
- Hezemans-Boer M, "Skin lesions due to exposure to methyl bromide", Archives of Dermatology, 124(6), pp.917~921 (1988)
- Kishi R, "Symptoms among workers with long-term exposure to methyl bromide. An epidemiological study", Sangyo Igaku Japanese Journal of Industrial Health, 33(4), pp.241~250 (1991)
- DeHaro L, "Central and peripheral neurotoxic effects of chronic methyl bromide intoxication", Journal of Toxicology : Clinical Toxicology, 35(1), pp.29~34 (1997)
- Hasan MM, "Comparison of Methyl Bromide and Phosphine for Fumigation of Necrobia rufipes (Coleoptera: Cleridae)and Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Sarcoptiformes:Acaridae), Pests of High-Value Stored Products", Journal of Economic Entomology, 13 (2019)
- Lee JS, "Fumigation Activity of Ethyl Formate and Phosphine Against Tetranychus urticae(Acari : Tetranychidae)on Imported Sweet Pumpkin", Journal of Economic Entomology, 111(4), pp.1625~1632 (2018)
- Kawai T, "Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to 1-bromopropane by means of urinalysis for 1-bromopropane and bromide ion", Biomarkers, 6(5), pp.303~312 (2001)
- Tanaka S, "Evaluation of methyl bromide exposure on the plant quarantine fumigators by environmental and biological monitoring", Industrial Health, 29(1), pp.11~21 (1991)
- Lee JS, "Environmental and biological monitoring of workers exposed to methyl bromide through quarantine fumigation", Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 11(3), pp.212~218 (2001)
- Acuna M, "Assessment of neurotoxic effects of methyl bromide in exposed workers", Revista Medica de Chile, 125(1), pp.36~42 (1997)
- Still existing dangers, methyl bromide poisoning, "Lee YJ", Occupational Health, 5~9 (2011)
- Müller M, "Photometric determination of human serum bromide levels-a convenient biomonitoring parameter for methyl bromide exposure", Toxicology Letters, 107(1-3), pp.155~159 (1999)
- Olszowy HA, "Background levels of bromide in human blood", Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 22(3), pp.225~230 (1998)
- Yamano Y, "Occupational exposure in methyl bromide manufacturing workers : 17-year follow-up study of urinary bromide ion concentration for biological monitoring", Industrial Health, 49(1), pp.133~138 (2011)
- You JH, "Bromide Concentration in Human Biological Samples Intoxicated by Methylbromide", Analytical Science and Technology, 11(2), pp.88~91 (1998)
- Koga M, "Determination of bromide ion concentration in urine using a head-space gas chromatography and an ion chromatography-biological monitoring for methyl bromide exposure", Journal of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 13(1), pp.19~24 (1991)
- Allain P, "Determination of iodine and bromine in plasma and urine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry", Analyst, 115(6), pp.813~815 (1990)
- Wang KE, "Determination of iodine and bromine compounds by ion chromatography", dynamic reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, 2008, pp.24(4), 509~514
- Method 321.8 determination of bromate in drinking waters by ion chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric, "US Environmental Protection Agency", ~ (1997)
- Yagi K, "Agricultural soil fumigation as a source of atmospheric methyl bromide", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 90(18), pp.8420~8423 (1993)
- 이현석, "수출입 식물검역업체 근로자의 공기 중 Methyl Bromide 노출에 관한 연구", 한국산업보건학회지, 18(1), pp.32~40 (2008), 한국산업보건학회
- "Central nervous system disease caused by methyl bromide exposed during disinfection"[URL]
- 신현욱, "메틸브로마이드 유발 독성 시신경병증 1예", 대한안과학회지, 57(12), pp.1987~1993 (2016), 대한안과학회
- Lee JH, "3 cases of acute methylbromide intoxication", The Korean Journal of Medicine, 55(3), pp.432~435 (1998)
- Park TH, "Two cases of neuropathy by methyl bromide intoxication during fumigation", Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 12(4), pp.547~553 (2000)
- 최광동, "만성 메틸브로마이드 중독에 의한 다발성 신경장애", 대한신경과학회지, 20(3), pp.307~310 (2002), 대한신경과학회
- 이형재, "브롬화메틸 중독에 의한 다발성 신경장애 1례", Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 19(3), pp.238~243 (2007), 대한직업환경의학회
- "Toxic encephalopathy in land cargo handling workers"[URL]
- Alexeeff GV, "Methyl bromide", pp.101~153 (1983), Springer