Factors Influencing Cognitive Dysfunction in Korean Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the proportion and potential predictors of cognitive dysfunction in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Patients with RA enrolled in this study during follow-up checkups at one general hospital in Korea. A trained research nurse examined participants using a variety of physical,psychosocial, and biological measurements. The Computerized Neuropsychological Function Test, consisting of 16 indicators encompassing a variety of cognitive subdomains, evaluated each participant’s cognitive function. Participants were categorized as “impaired” if they performed one standard deviation (SD) below the age-based population standards on each test. Adding the converted scores (range 0~16) generated the total cognitive function score. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to identify the significant factors influencing cognitive dysfunction. Results: Sixty-five participants with a M±SD age of 62.3±10.45 years were included in this study. The total cognitive function score was 9.69±3.50 (range 2~16). The final multivariate regression model was statistically significant; the model explained 32.7% of cognitive dysfunction variance. Even after controlling for disease severity, glucocorticoid use, depression, and functional limitations, education level (β=-.35, p=.005), income (β=-.26, p=.041), and cardiovascular disease risk factors (β=.28, p=.016) significantly influenced cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: The findings suggest that future studies regarding which etiological variables contribute to cognitive impairment and how to best assess cognitive function in RA patients must occur due to the high risk potential of cognitive dysfunction.
Abstract
Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the proportion and potential predictors of cognitive dysfunction in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Patients with RA enrolled in this study during follow-up checkups at one general hospital in Korea. A trained research nurse examined participants using a variety of physical,psychosocial, and biological measurements. The Computerized Neuropsychological Function Test, consisting of 16 indicators encompassing a variety of cognitive subdomains, evaluated each participant’s cognitive function. Participants were categorized as “impaired” if they performed one standard deviation (SD) below the age-based population standards on each test. Adding the converted scores (range 0~16) generated the total cognitive function score. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to identify the significant factors influencing cognitive dysfunction. Results: Sixty-five participants with a M±SD age of 62.3±10.45 years were included in this study. The total cognitive function score was 9.69±3.50 (range 2~16). The final multivariate regression model was statistically significant; the model explained 32.7% of cognitive dysfunction variance. Even after controlling for disease severity, glucocorticoid use, depression, and functional limitations, education level (β=-.35, p=.005), income (β=-.26, p=.041), and cardiovascular disease risk factors (β=.28, p=.016) significantly influenced cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: The findings suggest that future studies regarding which etiological variables contribute to cognitive impairment and how to best assess cognitive function in RA patients must occur due to the high risk potential of cognitive dysfunction.
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