2019년 대구에서 확인된 백신 관련 홍역 2례
Two Cases of Vaccine-Associated Measles in Daegu, South Korea, 2019
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우리나라는 2014년 세계보건기구로부터 홍역 퇴치 국가로 인증을 받았으나, 일부 해외유입으로 인한 홍역 및 해외유입 관련 사례들이 보고되고 있다. 홍역 예방 접종률이 높은 홍역 퇴치 국가에서 야생형 홍역의 발병률이 감소함에 따라 홍역으로 진단된 사례 중에서 백신 관련 홍역의 비율이 증가되고 있다. 야생형 홍역은 전염력이 높아서 접촉 추적 및 관리가 필요한 반면, 백신 관련 홍역은 전염성이 없어서 후속 개입이 필요하지 않다. 그러므로 홍역 의심 환자 발생시 야생형 홍역과 백신 관련 홍역을 확실하게 구별하기 위해 홍역 유전자형 검사를 시행해야 한다. 대구 파티마병원에서 2명의 백신 관련 홍역 환자를 진단하였다. 이는 유전자형 분석을 통해 확진한 사례로 국내에서는 유전자형 분석을 통해 보고된 백신 관련 홍역 환자가 거의 없는 상태이므로 유전자형 분석의 필요성을 강조하면서 최근의 백신 관련 홍역 사례를 보고하는 바이다.
Abstract
Korea was verified as a measles-free country by the World Health Organization in 2014; however, some imported measles cases and related outbreaks were reported. As the incidence of wild-type measles decreases in measles-free countries, the proportion of vaccine-associated measles is increasing. Wild-type measles is highly contagious and requires follow-up and management of the contacts, whereas vaccine-related measles is not contagious and does not require follow-up intervention. Therefore, measles genotyping should be performed to reliably distinguish between them in suspected patients. Two patients with vaccine-associated measles were confirmed through genotyping at Daegu Fatima Hospital. In Korea, there are only a few reports of vaccine-associated measles confirmed through genotyping; thus, we report recent vaccine-associated measles cases, emphasizing the need for genotyping.
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