중국 해면어업의 구조변화와 어업정책의 전환에 대한 고찰

Abstract

Marine fisheries in China have been moving toward a new management regime which was generated from the changes in domestic and international fisheries environments since the mid of 1990s. New bilateral fisheries agreements with Korea and Japan, in addition to the ratification of UNCLOS (1996) have inevitably changed the production- enhancing policy in marine fisheries of China. Furthermore, a series of management tools have been implemented to prevent the depletion of fish stocks and to eliminate excess investments in fisheries: a summer fishing moratorium (1995), declaration of no increase in annual catches (1999), introduction of the TAC regime (2000), vessel buyback program (2001) and etc.All these changes imply significant policy transitions to the sustainable fisheries management. However, when considering fisheries practices including excessive fishing effort, lack of administrative power and resources, shortage of preparation for vessel buyback programs and fishermen's weak commitment to resource conservation, there are many difficulties and obstacles in achieving a goal of new fisheries regime.Although a current fishing occurs by bilateral agreements, multilateral agreements would be accomplished sooner or later. For this case, reducing fishing capacity may be crucial for China in consideration of fish stock recovery. When considering this point, it is almost impossible for China to expect significant increases in production as he did. On the contrary, China must focus on the downsize of fishing industry for competition in fishing activities.