Treadmill Exercise Ameliorates Short-term Memory Impairment by Suppressing Hippocampal Neuroinflammation in Poloxamer- 407-Induced Hyperlipidemia Rats
2
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Purpose: Poloxamer-407 (P-407) is used to induce hyperlipidemia. Exercise is effective in improving arteriosclerosis and cognitive impairment. In this research, the effect of treadmill running on short-term memory in the P-407-treated hyperlipidemia rats was studied focusing on neuroinflammation. Methods: Rats were classified in normal group, normal and treadmill exercise group, P-407-treated group, and P-407-treated and treadmill exercise group. Hyperlipidemia rats were made by single intraperitoneal injection with P-407 (500 mg/kg). Treadmill exercise was conducted for 30 minutes once a day, 5 days per week during 28 days. Step-down avoidance task was done to measure short-term memory. Glial fibrillary acidic protein and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Expression of adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines was determined by western blot analysis. Results: Treadmill exercise alleviated lipid profiles in the P-407-induced hyperlipidemia rats. Treadmill exercise improved short-term memory, inhibited reactive astrogliosis and microglia activation, and suppressed expression of adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines in the hyperlipidemic rats. Conclusions: Treadmill exercise exerts alleviating effect on memory deficits by inhibiting hippocampal neuroinflammation in the hyperlipidemia. The current results suggest that treadmill running serves as the treatment strategy for the cognitive dysfunction caused by hyperlipidemia.
Abstract
Purpose: Poloxamer-407 (P-407) is used to induce hyperlipidemia. Exercise is effective in improving arteriosclerosis and cognitive impairment. In this research, the effect of treadmill running on short-term memory in the P-407-treated hyperlipidemia rats was studied focusing on neuroinflammation. Methods: Rats were classified in normal group, normal and treadmill exercise group, P-407-treated group, and P-407-treated and treadmill exercise group. Hyperlipidemia rats were made by single intraperitoneal injection with P-407 (500 mg/kg). Treadmill exercise was conducted for 30 minutes once a day, 5 days per week during 28 days. Step-down avoidance task was done to measure short-term memory. Glial fibrillary acidic protein and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Expression of adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines was determined by western blot analysis. Results: Treadmill exercise alleviated lipid profiles in the P-407-induced hyperlipidemia rats. Treadmill exercise improved short-term memory, inhibited reactive astrogliosis and microglia activation, and suppressed expression of adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines in the hyperlipidemic rats. Conclusions: Treadmill exercise exerts alleviating effect on memory deficits by inhibiting hippocampal neuroinflammation in the hyperlipidemia. The current results suggest that treadmill running serves as the treatment strategy for the cognitive dysfunction caused by hyperlipidemia.
참고문헌 (34)
- Nelson RH, "Hyperlipidemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease", Prim Care, 40, pp.195~211 (2013)
- Polidori MC, "A review of the major vascular risk factors related to Alzheimer’s disease", J Alzheimers Dis, 32, pp.521~530 (2012)
- Chaudhary HR, "The single dose poloxamer 407 model of hyperlipidemia; systemic effects on lipids assessed using pharma-cokinetic methods, and its effects on adipokines", J Pharm Pharm Sci, 16, pp.65~73 (2013)
- Maragakis NJ, "Mechanisms of disease : astrocytes in neurodegenerative disease", Nat Clin Pract Neurol, 2, pp.679~689 (2006)
- Schmidt-Kastner R, "Immunohistochemical study of glial reaction and serum protein extravasation in relation to neuronal damage in rat hippocampus after ischemia", Neuroscience, 38, pp.527~540 (1990)
- Boche D, "Activation patterns of microglia and their identification in the human brain", Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol, 39, pp.3~18 (2013)
- Ohsawa K, "Microglia", macrophagespecific protein Iba1 binds to fimbrin and enhances its actin-bundling activity, 2004, pp.88, 844~856
- Drechsler M, "Hyperlipidemia-triggered neutrophilia promotes early atherosclerosis", Circulation, 122, pp.1837~1845 (2010)
- Fentoğlu O, "Proinflammatory cytokine levels in hyperlipidemic patients with periodontitis after periodontal treatment", Oral Dis, 18, pp.299~306 (2012)
- Libby P, "Inflammation in atherosclerosis", Nature, 420, pp.868~874 (2002)
- Jang Y, "Cell adhesion molecules in coronary artery disease", J Am Coll Cardiol, 24, pp.1591~1600 (1994)
- Bigley NJ, "Inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecules in a rat model of decompression sickness", J Interferon Cytokine Res, 28, pp.55~63 (2008)
- Huang CW, "Clinical significance of circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule-1to white matter disintegrity in Alzheimer’s dementia", Thromb Haemost, 114, pp.1230~1240 (2015)
- Shuai Li, "Effects of 10-week combined training on lipid metabolic regulatory hormones and metabolic syndrome index according to exercise dose in obese male college students", Journal of exercise rehabilitation, 16(1), pp.101~107 (2020), 한국운동재활학회[DOI]
- 홍민하, "Treadmill Exercise Improves Motor Function and Short-term Memory by Enhancing Synaptic Plasticity and Neurogenesis in Photothrombotic Stroke Mice", International Neurourology Journal, 24, pp.28~38 (2020), 대한배뇨장애요실금학회[DOI]
- 고영준, "Treadmill exercise in obese maternal rats during pregnancy improves spatial memory through activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in the hippocampus of rat pups", Journal of exercise rehabilitation, 16(6), pp.483~488 (2020), 한국운동재활학회[DOI]
- Ruchel JB, "Guarana(Paullinia cupana)ameliorates memory impairment and modulates acetylcholinesterase activity in Poloxamer-407-induced hyperlipidemia in rat brain", Physiol Behav, 168, pp.11~19 (2016)
- 이수신, "Treadmill exercise ameliorates memory impairment through ERK-Akt-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway in cerebral ischemia gerbils", Journal of exercise rehabilitation, 16(1), pp.49~57 (2020), 한국운동재활학회[DOI]
- 김미아, "Berberine Ameliorates Brain Inflammation in Poloxamer 407-Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats", International Neurourology Journal, 23, pp.102~110 (2019), 대한배뇨장애요실금학회[DOI]
- Carey VJ, "Contribution of high plasma triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to residual risk of coronary heart disease after establishment of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control", Am J Cardiol, 106, pp.757~763 (2010)
- Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, "Major lipids, apolipoproteins, and risk of vascular disease", JAMA, 302, pp.1993~2000 (2009)
- Johnston TP, "Poloxamer 407 increases soluble adhesion molecules, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin, in C57BL", 6 mice, 2009, pp.61, 1681~1688
- Schreurs BG, "The effects of cholesterol on learning and memory", Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 34, pp.1366~1379 (2010)
- Loera-Valencia R, "Alterations in cholesterol metabolism as a risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease : potential novel targets for treatment", J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 190, pp.104~114 (2019)
- Cheng Y, "The relationship between cholesterol and cognitive function is homocysteine-dependent", Clin Interv Aging, 9, pp.1823~1829 (2014)
- Heneka MT, "Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease", Lancet Neurol, 14, pp.388~405 (2015)
- de Oliveira J, "High cholesterol diet exacerbates blood-brain barrier disruption in LDLr-", -mice : impact on cognitive function, 2020, pp.78, 97~115
- Freeman LR, "High-fat", high-cholesterol diet inhibits growth of fetal hippocampal transplants via increased inflammation, 2011, pp.20, 1499~1514
- Nakashima Y, "Upregulation of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 at atherosclerosis-prone sites on the endothelium in the ApoE-deficient mouse", Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 18, pp.842~851 (1998)
- Hosokawa Y, "Cytokines differentially regulate ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression on human gingival fibroblasts", Clin Exp Immunol, 144, pp.494~502 (2006)
- Cybulsky MI, "Endothelial expression of a mononuclear leukocyte adhesion molecule during atherogenesis", Science, 251, pp.788~791 (1991)
- Nielsen HM, "Soluble adhesion molecules and angiotensin-converting enzyme in dementia", Neurobiol Dis, 26, pp.27~35 (2007)
- Koh Y, "Cell adhesion molecules and exercise", J Inflamm Res, 11, pp.297~306 (2018)
- Abd El-Kader SM, "Impact of aerobic exercise versus resisted exercise on endothelial activation markers and inflammatory cytokines among elderly", Afr Health Sci, 19, pp.2874~2880 (2019)