Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy Can Alleviate Postoperative Overactive Bladder Symptoms With or Without Urinary Incontinence in Patients With Both Preoperative Symptoms

Abstract

Purpose: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms frequently coexist. Most patients with POP may present with at least one OAB symptom of any grade, and OAB symptoms can be alleviated by conservative or surgical treatments for POP. This study investigated data from patients with POP who underwent laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) at our institution to determine the factors that led to the emergence of postoperative OAB symptoms or its improvement after LSC. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 97 patients who underwent LSC at our institution between June 2016 and October 2023. The Pearson chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the independent factors that contribute to postoperative OAB symptoms or OAB improvement. The OAB symptom score was used to assess the change in OAB symptoms before and after LSC. OAB symptoms were considered improved if the OAB symptom score total score improved compared to the preoperative score. Results: In the correlation analysis, the presence of preoperative OAB and/or urinary incontinence (UI) was significantly associated with postoperative OAB symptoms (both P<0.05). In addition, both symptoms were significantly associated with postoperative OAB (P=0.010). In another correlation analysis, the presence of preoperative OAB and that of either symptom were significantly associated with postoperative OAB improvement (both P<0.05). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the presence of both symptoms was an independent factor for postoperative OAB symptoms among the factors including operative time and preoperative postvoid residual urine volume, and the presence of either symptoms could be associated with postoperative OAB improvement besides operative time. Conclusions: LSC could improve OAB symptoms postoperatively in patients with preoperative OAB or UI, or both better than in those without such symptoms.