Inactıve hepatitis B surface antigen carriers and intrafamilial tramsmission: results of a 10-year study
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Background/Aims: The aims of the present study were to determine the outcomes of inactive hepatitis B virus (HBV)surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers over a 10-year study period and to elucidate the HBV serological profile of their familymembers. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical files of inactive HBsAg carriers followed up at the Department ofInfectious Diseases of Kocatepe University Medical Faculty Hospital between March 2001 and January 2011. Results: In total, 438 inactive HBsAg carriers were enrolled in this trial. The follow-up period was 33.7±22.5 months(mean±SD). Anti-hepatitis-B surface antibody seroconversion occurred in 0.7% of cases, while chronic hepatitis Bwas found in 0.5%. The anti-hepatitis-D virus (HDV) status was evaluated in 400 patients and anti-hepatitis C virus(HCV) in 430. It was found that 1% and 0.2% were positive for anti-HDV and anti-HCV, respectively. HBV serologywas investigated in at least 1 family member of 334/438 (76.3%) patients. The HBsAg positivity rate was 34.6% in 625family members of 334 patients. A comparison of the HBsAg positivity rates in terms of HBV DNA levels in index casesrevealed that HBsAg seropositivity rates were higher in family members of HBV DNA-negative patients than in familymembers of HBV DNA-positive cases (P =0.0001). Conclusions: The HBsAg positivity rate was higher in family members of inactive HBsAg carriers than in the generalpopulation; these family members therefore have a higher risk of HBV transmission. Furthermore, despite negativeHBV DNA levels, transmission risk was not reduced in these patients, and horizontal transmission seems to beindependent of the HBV DNA value.
Abstract
Background/Aims: The aims of the present study were to determine the outcomes of inactive hepatitis B virus (HBV)surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers over a 10-year study period and to elucidate the HBV serological profile of their familymembers. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical files of inactive HBsAg carriers followed up at the Department ofInfectious Diseases of Kocatepe University Medical Faculty Hospital between March 2001 and January 2011. Results: In total, 438 inactive HBsAg carriers were enrolled in this trial. The follow-up period was 33.7±22.5 months(mean±SD). Anti-hepatitis-B surface antibody seroconversion occurred in 0.7% of cases, while chronic hepatitis Bwas found in 0.5%. The anti-hepatitis-D virus (HDV) status was evaluated in 400 patients and anti-hepatitis C virus(HCV) in 430. It was found that 1% and 0.2% were positive for anti-HDV and anti-HCV, respectively. HBV serologywas investigated in at least 1 family member of 334/438 (76.3%) patients. The HBsAg positivity rate was 34.6% in 625family members of 334 patients. A comparison of the HBsAg positivity rates in terms of HBV DNA levels in index casesrevealed that HBsAg seropositivity rates were higher in family members of HBV DNA-negative patients than in familymembers of HBV DNA-positive cases (P =0.0001). Conclusions: The HBsAg positivity rate was higher in family members of inactive HBsAg carriers than in the generalpopulation; these family members therefore have a higher risk of HBV transmission. Furthermore, despite negativeHBV DNA levels, transmission risk was not reduced in these patients, and horizontal transmission seems to beindependent of the HBV DNA value.
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